Arendt-Nielsen Lars, Sumikura Hiroyuki
Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Laboratory for Experimental Pain Research, University of Aalborg, Denmark.
J Nippon Med Sch. 2002 Dec;69(6):514-24. doi: 10.1272/jnms.69.514.
There is no objective measure of pain; we can however measure different aspects of the pain perception. Earlier experimental pain models often only involved induction of cutaneous pain. Recently new experimental models have been developed eliciting deep muscle and visceral pain that may more closely resemble the clinical pain condition. It is imperative to use multi-modal and multi-structure pain induction and assessment techniques, as a simple model cannot describe the very complex and multi-factorial aspects of clinical pain. The importance of peripheral and central hyperexcitability for acute and chronic pain has been demonstrated in animals and to some extent in humans. But in spite of our immense knowledge we still do not know how to prevent and treat this hyperexcitability. Our understanding of nociceptive mechanisms involved in acute and chronic pain and the effects of anaesthetic drugs or combinations of drugs on these mechanisms in humans may also be expanded with experimental human models. This knowledge can then help us to develop and test therapeutic regimes in patients with acute and chronic pain.
疼痛没有客观的衡量标准；然而，我们可以测量疼痛感知的不同方面。早期的实验性疼痛模型通常仅涉及皮肤疼痛的诱发。最近，新的实验模型已经开发出来，可引发深部肌肉和内脏疼痛，这可能更类似于临床疼痛状况。使用多模式和多结构的疼痛诱发和评估技术至关重要，因为单一的简单模型无法描述临床疼痛非常复杂和多因素的各个方面。外周和中枢的过度兴奋性对急性和慢性疼痛的重要性已在动物身上得到证实，并且在一定程度上也在人类身上得到了证实。但尽管我们知识渊博，我们仍然不知道如何预防和治疗这种过度兴奋性。通过实验性人体模型，我们对急性和慢性疼痛中涉及的伤害感受机制以及麻醉药物或药物组合对这些机制在人体中的影响的理解也可能会得到扩展。这些知识随后可以帮助我们为急性和慢性疼痛患者开发和测试治疗方案。
