Zlotnick-Woldenberg Carrie
William Alanson White Institute, 535 West 110th Street, Apt. 11F, New York, NY 10025, USA.
Am J Psychother. 2003;57(1):101-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2003.57.1.101.
This paper, which analyzes Thomas Mann's short story Tristan from an object-relational perspective, posits that Spinell, the protagonist, is functioning primarily in the schizoid position. Splitting, his primary defense mechanism, is discussed at length. His relationships with others are examined in light of his projection of his internal conflicts, with the idealized, sickly Gavriele representing his artistic, romantic and spiritual side, and her husband, the detested Herr Kloterjahn, representing his more mundane self, Seduced by the romantic notions of Spinell and alienated from her husband, the embodiment of the life principle, Gabriele's health deteriorates, and she becomes a willing participant in her own destruction. Ironic contrasts between Mann's story and the story of Tristan und Isolde, whose narrative informs Mann's story and gives it its title, are explored. It is argued that by the end of the novella, with the death of Gabriele, Spinell is momentarily forced to face reality, but chooses to run from it, and hence is headed for further withdrawal and decline.
本文从客体关系视角分析托马斯·曼的短篇小说《特里斯坦》，认为主人公施皮内尔主要处于精神分裂状态。文中详细探讨了他的主要防御机制——分裂。从他内心冲突的投射角度审视他与他人的关系，理想化的、体弱多病的加布里埃莱代表他艺术、浪漫和精神的一面，而她的丈夫、遭人厌恶的克洛捷扬先生则代表他更世俗的自我。受施皮内尔浪漫观念的诱惑并与作为生命原则化身的丈夫疏远后，加布里埃莱的健康恶化，她成为了自我毁灭的自愿参与者。文中还探讨了曼的故事与《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》故事之间的讽刺性对比，后者的叙事为曼的故事提供了素材并赋予其标题。有人认为，在中篇小说结尾，随着加布里埃莱的死亡，施皮内尔暂时被迫面对现实，但他选择逃避，因此正走向进一步的退缩和衰落。
