Moghal Nadeem, Sternberg Paul W
HHMI and Division of Biology, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Exp Cell Res. 2003 Mar 10;284(1):150-9. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4827(02)00097-6.
The single known epidermal growth factor-like growth factor and single epidermal growth factor receptor in Caenorhabditis elegans mediate two types of processes, each via a distinct signal transduction pathway. Several instances of cell fate specification during organogenesis require the RAS-MAP kinase pathway, as well as multiple nuclear factors. By contrast, appropriate myoepithelial contractions during ovulation involve IP3-mediated signal transduction. Positive modulators of the RAS pathway include KSR, SUR-8, phosphatase PP2A, and a zinc cation diffusion facilitator. Negative regulators of the RAS pathway include homologs of CBL, GAP-1, ACK, and MAP kinase phosphatase, while negative regulators of the IP3 pathway are enzymes that modify IP3. In addition to its stimulation of RAS activity, the GRB2 homolog SEM-5 acts negatively on both signaling pathways, as does the Ack-related kinase ARK-1.
秀丽隐杆线虫中已知的单一表皮生长因子样生长因子和单一表皮生长因子受体介导两种类型的过程，每种过程都通过独特的信号转导途径。器官发生过程中细胞命运特化的几个实例需要RAS-MAP激酶途径以及多种核因子。相比之下，排卵期间适当的肌上皮收缩涉及IP3介导的信号转导。RAS途径的正向调节因子包括KSR、SUR-8、磷酸酶PP2A和锌阳离子扩散促进剂。RAS途径的负向调节因子包括CBL、GAP-1、ACK和MAP激酶磷酸酶的同源物，而IP3途径的负向调节因子是修饰IP3的酶。除了刺激RAS活性外，GRB2同源物SEM-5对两种信号通路都有负向作用，Ack相关激酶ARK-1也是如此。
