Fidel Paul L
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
Int Rev Immunol. 2002 Nov-Dec;21(6):515-48. doi: 10.1080/08830180215015.
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a significant problem in women of childbearing ages and is caused by Candida albicans, a commensal organism of the intestinal and reproductive tracts. As a result of this commensalism, most healthy individuals have demonstrable Candida-specific adaptive immunity that is considered protective. In women with RVVC, a deficiency/dysfunction of this protective immunity is postulated to affect susceptibility to infection. Although cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is considered important for protection against mucosal candidal infections, little is understood about specific host defenses that are important at the vaginal mucosa. Studies to date suggest that a compartmentalized local, rather than systemic, immunity is important for defense against vaginitis. This review will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding protective host defense mechanisms against vaginal C. albicans infections both from clinical studies and animal models. From these data, hypotheses are presented for what host defense mechanisms appear important for resistance/susceptibility to vaginal infection.
复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病（RVVC）是育龄期女性面临的一个重要问题，由白色念珠菌引起，白色念珠菌是肠道和生殖道的共生菌。由于这种共生关系，大多数健康个体具有可证明的念珠菌特异性适应性免疫，这种免疫被认为具有保护作用。在患有RVVC的女性中，推测这种保护性免疫的缺陷/功能障碍会影响感染易感性。虽然细胞介导免疫（CMI）被认为对预防黏膜念珠菌感染很重要，但对于阴道黏膜重要的特异性宿主防御知之甚少。迄今为止的研究表明，局部而非全身的分区免疫对于预防阴道炎很重要。本综述将总结临床研究和动物模型中关于宿主针对阴道白色念珠菌感染的保护性防御机制的当前知识状态。基于这些数据，提出了关于哪些宿主防御机制对阴道感染的抵抗力/易感性似乎很重要的假设。
