Walcek Chris, De Santis Steven, Gentile Thomas
State University of New York at Albany, ASRC-CESTM, 251 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY 12203-3649, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2003;123(3):375-81. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(03)00028-9.
Point and area inventories of anthropogenic mercury emissions documented by US and Canadian environmental agencies have been aggregated into a single archive for analysis and air pollution modeling work. For 5341 point sources and 1634 aggregated area sources, mercury emissions are apportioned among elemental gaseous [Hg(0)], reactive gaseous[Hg(II)], and particulate [Hg(p)] emissions using speciation factors derived from available monitoring measurements. According to this inventory, 4.82 x 10(5) mol of mercury were emitted in calendar year 1996 in the latitude range 24-51 degrees north, and longitude range 64-91 degrees west, which covers most of North America east of the Mississippi River. Using speciation factors consistent with past emission source studies, we find the relative emission proportions among Hg(0):Hg(II):Hg(p) species are 47:35:18. Maps of the various mercury species' emissions patterns are presented. Gridded emission patterns show local mercury emission extremes associated with individual cement production and municipal incineration facilities, and in contrast to past inventories, population centers do not stand out. Considerable uncertainties are still present in estimating emissions from large point sources, as are methods of apportioning emissions among various mercury species.
美国和加拿大环境机构记录的人为汞排放点和区域清单已汇总到一个单一档案库中，用于分析和空气污染建模工作。对于5341个点源和1634个汇总区域源，利用从现有监测测量中得出的形态因子，将汞排放分配到元素气态汞[Hg(0)]、活性气态汞[Hg(II)]和颗粒态汞[Hg(p)]排放中。根据这份清单，在1996年日历年中，在北纬24 - 51度、西经64 - 91度的范围内排放了4.82×10⁵摩尔汞，该范围覆盖了密西西比河以东的北美大部分地区。使用与过去排放源研究一致的形态因子，我们发现Hg(0):Hg(II):Hg(p)物种之间的相对排放比例为47:35:18。给出了各种汞物种排放模式的地图。网格化排放模式显示了与个别水泥生产和城市焚烧设施相关的局部汞排放极值，与过去的清单不同，人口中心并不突出。在估计大型点源的排放以及在各种汞物种之间分配排放的方法方面，仍然存在相当大的不确定性。
