Smekal Gerhard, Von Duvillard Serge P, Pokan Rochus, Lang Karl, Baron Ramon, Tschan Harald, Hofmann Peter, Bachl Norbert
Institute of Sports Sciences, Department of Sport Physiology of University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Apr;35(4):682-9. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000058358.14293.DE.
In the past, orienteering sports analyses were based on heart rate (HR) and lactate (LA) measures. This study assessed additional respiratory gas exchange measures (RGEM) to provide further information regarding the physiological requirements of orienteering competitions (OTC).
Eleven elite male athletes performed simulated OTC. RGEM were performed using a portable system. LA was determined after each section (total of six) of OTC. Athletes were also subjected to treadmill testing (TT).
Average values for the entire OTC were [OV0312]O(2OTC): 56.4 +/- 4.5 mL.kg-1.min-1 (83.0 +/- 3.8% of [OV0312]O(2max) of TT), HR(OTC): 172 +/- 11 bpm, and LA(OTC): 5.16 +/- 1.5 mmol.L-1. The highest measured [OV0312]O(2OTC) of an athlete in this study was 64.4 +/- 2.9 mL.kg-1.min-1. [OV0312]O(2OTC) was 94.6 +/- 5.2% of [OV0312]O(2IAT) (IAT= individual anaerobic threshold), HR(OTC) was 98.0 +/- 2.9% of HR(IAT), respiratory exchange ratio was 97 +/- 3.8% and LA(OTC) was 143.9 +/- 24.2% of LA(IAT). In contrast to [OV0312]O(2) and LA, average HR were similar in all sections of OTC despite topographical differences of the course. No correlations were found between running time of OTC and variables of endurance performance. Running time correlated with running distance (P < 0.001; r = 0.83) and running speed (r = 0.98; P < 0.001).
过去，定向越野运动分析基于心率（HR）和乳酸（LA）测量。本研究评估了额外的呼吸气体交换测量指标（RGEM），以提供有关定向越野比赛（OTC）生理需求的更多信息。
11名精英男性运动员进行了模拟OTC。使用便携式系统进行RGEM测量。在OTC的每个赛段（共六个赛段）结束后测定LA。运动员还进行了跑步机测试（TT）。
整个OTC的平均值为：[OV0312]O(2OTC)：56.4±4.5 mL·kg-1·min-1（TT的[OV0312]O(2max)的83.0±3.8%），HR(OTC)：172±11次/分钟，LA(OTC)：5.16±1.5 mmol·L-1。本研究中一名运动员测得的最高[OV0312]O(2OTC)为64.4±2.9 mL·kg-1·min-1。[OV0312]O(2OTC)为[OV0312]O(2IAT)（IAT = 个体无氧阈）的94.6±5.2%，HR(OTC)为HR(IAT)的98.0±2.9%，呼吸交换率为97±3.8%，LA(OTC)为LA(IAT)的143.9±24.2%。与[OV0312]O(2)和LA不同，尽管赛道地形不同，但OTC所有赛段的平均心率相似。未发现OTC的跑步时间与耐力表现变量之间存在相关性。跑步时间与跑步距离相关（P < 0.001；r = 0.83）和跑步速度相关（r = 0.98；P < 0.001）。
1）OTC期间的能量需求主要通过有氧代谢产生。2）64.4 mL·kg-1·min-1的最高[OV0312]O(2OTC)值可被视为OTC强度的参考值。3）在OTC期间，大多数运动员避免长时间的高强度时段。4）OTC中的表现主要受技术能力影响。5）仅使用LA进行评估可能会高估OTC期间的能量需求。6）HR测量对确定OTC的能量需求不够敏感。因此，与单独的LA和HR测量相比，RGEM提供了有关OTC能量消耗的更多信息。
