Macaluso Claudio, Frishman Laura J, Frueh Beatrice, Kaelin-Lang Alain, Onoe Shoken, Niemeyer Günter
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Doc Ophthalmol. 2003 Jan;106(1):51-9. doi: 10.1023/a:1022456615715.
It has been postulated that the major physiological role of adenosine is protection of the central nervous system in conditions such as ischemia, hypoxia, or prolonged neuronal excitation. Under these conditions adenosine is released, and exerts multiple effects, including vasodilation, inhibition of neuronal activity, and enhancement of glycogenolysis, resulting in neuroprotection. In this article, published as well as unpublished data on the multiple effects of exogenous adenosine and application of adenosine-related agents, performed using the arterially perfused cat eye, will be reviewed and discussed within the framework of the neuroprotective role of adenosine. The isolated, arterially perfused eye preparation has the advantage of combining integrity of the eye structure, exact control of arterial concentration and timing of applied pharmacological agents, and access to electrophysiological parameters of both retina and optic nerve, as well as the ability to control and monitor perfusate flow. The absence of red blood cells in the perfusate prevents adenosine from being metabolized prior to reaching the eye.
据推测，腺苷的主要生理作用是在缺血、缺氧或长时间神经元兴奋等情况下保护中枢神经系统。在这些情况下，腺苷会释放出来，并发挥多种作用，包括血管舒张、抑制神经元活动以及增强糖原分解，从而实现神经保护。在本文中，将在腺苷神经保护作用的框架内，对使用动脉灌注猫眼进行的关于外源性腺苷的多种作用以及腺苷相关药物应用的已发表和未发表数据进行综述和讨论。分离的动脉灌注眼标本具有以下优点：眼睛结构完整、能精确控制动脉浓度和所用药理学药物的给药时间、可获取视网膜和视神经的电生理参数，以及能够控制和监测灌注液流量。灌注液中没有红细胞可防止腺苷在到达眼睛之前被代谢。
