Fujita Yukihiro, Schulz Kurt S, Mason David R, Kass Philip H, Stover Susan M
Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 2003 Apr;64(4):506-11. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.506.
To determine the effect of sliding and wedge osteotomies of the humerus on the joint surface contact areas in anatomically normal elbow joints of dogs.
Left thoracic limbs from 5 skeletally mature mixed-breed canine cadavers.
Joint casting was performed by placement of colored polymethylmethacrylate in the elbow joint cavity followed by loading in a materials testing system at physiologic angle and load. Joint casting was performed in unaltered specimens, after 10 degrees medial opening wedge osteotomy, and after lateral sliding osteotomy of the proximal portion of the humerus. Computer-aided analysis of photographs of proximal radial and ulnar articular surfaces after each casting procedure was performed.
The lateral sliding humeral osteotomy and 10 degrees medial opening wedge osteotomy significantly altered joint surface contact regions of the canine elbow joint. Osteotomies resulted in a reduction in the size of the radial, ulnar, and combined radioulnar contact areas. Both osteotomies also resulted in craniolateral migration of the radial contact area and craniomedial recession of the ulnar contact area. Although the reduction in ulnar contact area with these treatments is consistent with our hypotheses, the reduction in radial contact area was not anticipated.
Humeral osteotomies alter joint surface contact areas of the canine elbow joint in vitro. Humeral osteotomies may decrease contact areas on the diseased region of the joint in dogs with elbow dysplasia; however, the overall decrease in joint surface contact area suggests that these procedures may induce focal increases in pressure that may cause iatrogenic cartilage damage when applied in vivo.
确定肱骨滑动截骨术和楔形截骨术对犬解剖结构正常肘关节关节面接触面积的影响。
来自5具骨骼成熟的混种犬尸体的左前肢。
通过将彩色聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯置于肘关节腔，随后在材料测试系统中以生理角度和负荷加载来进行关节铸型。在未改变的标本、肱骨近端内侧开口楔形截骨10度后以及肱骨近端外侧滑动截骨后进行关节铸型。对每次铸型程序后桡骨和尺骨近端关节面的照片进行计算机辅助分析。
肱骨外侧滑动截骨术和内侧开口楔形截骨10度显著改变了犬肘关节的关节面接触区域。截骨术导致桡骨、尺骨以及桡尺联合接触面积减小。两种截骨术还导致桡骨接触区域向颅外侧移位以及尺骨接触区域向颅内侧退缩。尽管这些治疗导致尺骨接触面积减小与我们的假设一致，但桡骨接触面积减小并未预料到。
肱骨截骨术在体外改变犬肘关节的关节面接触面积。肱骨截骨术可能会减少患有肘关节发育异常的犬关节病变区域的接触面积；然而，关节面接触面积的整体减小表明，这些手术在体内应用时可能会导致局部压力增加，从而可能引起医源性软骨损伤。
