Groger Lisa
Miami University, Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Oxford, Ohio 45056-1879, USA.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2002;55(3):183-205. doi: 10.2190/MDLP-UDE7-P376-QXE3.
Based on qualitative interviews with 14 nursing home residents and 13 caregivers, this article explores how elders adapted to life in a nursing home, and how their caregivers came to embrace nursing home placement as the optimal way to meet their elders' need for care. These processes were mediated by two mechanisms: the function the institution fulfilled for residents and their caregivers, and the coping strategies residents used to adapt to institutional living. The wide variety of elders' psycho-emotional coping strategies can best be summarized as accommodation, resignation, and resistance which translate into a number of behaviors. However, there was no typical or neat movement from resistance to resignation followed by accommodation. Instead, residents pulled from their repertoire of coping strategies the ones that served them best in a given situation and in a way that allowed them to express simultaneously satisfaction and discontent, compromise and adjustment. Clark and Anderson's (1967) model of adaptation proved useful for understanding participants' struggle to come to terms with life in the nursing home.
基于对14名养老院居民和13名护理人员的定性访谈，本文探讨了老年人如何适应养老院生活，以及他们的护理人员如何将养老院安置视为满足老年人护理需求的最佳方式。这些过程由两种机制介导：机构为居民及其护理人员所履行的功能，以及居民用来适应机构生活的应对策略。老年人多种多样的心理情绪应对策略最好概括为适应、顺从和抗拒，这些策略转化为一系列行为。然而，并没有从抗拒到顺从再到适应的典型或整齐划一的转变。相反，居民们从他们的应对策略库中挑选出在特定情况下最适合他们的策略，这种方式使他们能够同时表达满意与不满、妥协与调整。克拉克和安德森（1967）的适应模型被证明有助于理解参与者在适应养老院生活方面的挣扎。
