Schanowitz Jeff Y, Nicassio Perry M
Alliant International University, San Diego, California, USA.
J Behav Med. 2006 Apr;29(2):191-201. doi: 10.1007/s10865-005-9034-3. Epub 2006 Feb 2.
This research examined the contributions of active and passive coping for health problems, and meaning-based coping, to positive psychosocial functioning in a sample of 100 individuals in residential care with a mean age of 83.11 years old. Study participants resided in skilled care, intermediate care, or assisted living facilities. Based on interview data collected on site in participants' residential settings, hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that active and passive coping and meaning-based coping had separate influences on measures of positive psychosocial functioning. Active coping was correlated with higher positive affect, whereas passive coping was associated with higher negative affect and self-acceptance. Positive reappraisal, a meaning-based coping strategy, was uniquely associated with higher positive affect, positive social relations, and self-acceptance. Positive religious coping was not independently associated with positive psychosocial functioning indices, whereas negative religious coping was related to higher negative affect. Health functioning did not contribute to positive psychosocial functioning in this sample. The results confirm the separate importance of health-related and meaning-based coping strategies in explaining positive psychosocial functioning in older adults living in residential care settings.
本研究调查了主动应对和被动应对健康问题以及基于意义的应对方式对100名平均年龄为83.11岁的住院护理人员积极心理社会功能的影响。研究参与者居住在专业护理机构、中级护理机构或辅助生活设施中。基于在参与者居住场所现场收集的访谈数据，分层多元回归分析显示，主动应对、被动应对和基于意义的应对方式对积极心理社会功能的测量有不同影响。主动应对与更高的积极情绪相关，而被动应对与更高的消极情绪和自我接纳相关。积极重新评价作为一种基于意义的应对策略，与更高的积极情绪、积极的社会关系和自我接纳有着独特的关联。积极的宗教应对方式与积极的心理社会功能指标并无独立关联，而消极的宗教应对方式则与更高的消极情绪相关。在这个样本中，健康功能对积极的心理社会功能并无贡献。研究结果证实了与健康相关的应对策略和基于意义的应对策略在解释居住在住院护理机构中的老年人的积极心理社会功能方面具有各自的重要性。
