Darge Kassa, Trusen Andreas, Troeger Jochen
Department of Pediatric Radiology, Institute of Radiodiagnostics, Wuerzburg University Hospital, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2/B34, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Rays. 2002 Apr-Jun;27(2):99-106.
The diagnostic imaging modalities for vesicoureteral reflux in children comprise both radiologic and sonographic methods. The radiologic methods are voiding cystourethrography and radionuclide cystography. Voiding cystourethrography is the commonest imaging modality for reflux. With the introduction of pulsed fluoroscopy the radiation exposure of this examination is significantly curtailed. It is the imaging of first choice of the urethra. Various sonographic methods of reflux examination had been tried in the past. The real breakthrough came with the availability of stabilized US contrast media. The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography has been found to be comparable to the radiologic methods. With the emergence of harmonic imaging the potential for significant improvement of the sonographic method has been achieved. Voiding urosonography is primarily performed in follow-up studies and as the first reflux examination in girls.
儿童膀胱输尿管反流的诊断成像方式包括放射学和超声检查方法。放射学方法是排尿性膀胱尿道造影和放射性核素膀胱造影。排尿性膀胱尿道造影是反流最常用的成像方式。随着脉冲荧光透视的引入，这项检查的辐射暴露显著减少。它是尿道首选的成像检查。过去曾尝试过各种超声检查反流的方法。真正的突破是随着稳定的超声造影剂的出现而实现的。已发现超声造影增强排尿尿路造影的诊断准确性与放射学方法相当。随着谐波成像的出现，超声检查方法有了显著改进的潜力。排尿尿路造影主要用于随访研究，并作为女孩反流的首次检查。
