Gerasimenko L M, Mitiushina L L, Namsaraev B B
Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 60-Letiya Oktyabrya 7 k. 2., Moscow, 117312 Russia.
Mikrobiologiia. 2003 Jan-Feb;72(1):84-92.
A detailed description of the macrostructure, the ultrastructure, and the species diversity of alkaliphilic mat from Lake Khilganta (Buryatiya) is presented. The structure of this mat was found to be similar to that of halophilic mats from hypersaline lagoons of Lake Sivash (Crimea) that we studied earlier. Microcoleus chthonoplastes was the dominant form of cyanobacteria in both mats (in the alkaliphilic mat, Phormidium molle was another dominant form). Both mats had a pronounced laminated structure. However, unlike halophilic mats with calcium carbonate and gypsum laminas, the alkaliphilic mat contained calcium phosphate laminas instead of gypsum ones. The species diversity of microorganisms in the alkaliphilic mat was at least as rich as that in the halophilic mat; however, in the halophilic mat, the distribution of organisms between layers was more clear-cut. In the alkaliphilic mat, the highest species diversity was observed in the upper mat layers at the boundary between zones of oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis. This fact can be explained by the ephemeral nature of soda lakes.
本文详细描述了来自希尔甘塔湖（布里亚特）的嗜碱菌席的宏观结构、超微结构和物种多样性。我们发现这种菌席的结构与我们之前研究过的来自锡瓦什湖（克里米亚）高盐泻湖的嗜盐菌席相似。在这两种菌席中，鞘丝藻都是蓝藻的主要形式（在嗜碱菌席中，软席藻是另一种主要形式）。两种菌席都有明显的层状结构。然而，与含有碳酸钙和石膏层的嗜盐菌席不同，嗜碱菌席含有磷酸钙层而非石膏层。嗜碱菌席中微生物的物种多样性至少与嗜盐菌席中的一样丰富；然而，在嗜盐菌席中，各层之间生物的分布更为明显。在嗜碱菌席中，在有氧光合作用和无氧光合作用区域之间的边界处，菌席上层的物种多样性最高。这一事实可以用苏打湖的短暂性来解释。
