Lawton Colleen A
Medical College of Wisconsin, Radiation Oncology, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Semin Radiat Oncol. 2003 Apr;13(2):141-51. doi: 10.1053/srao.2003.50013.
Hormonal dependency of prostate cancer was first described in 1895 by White who showed the initial observation between castration and the treatment of prostatic disease in men with bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy. Subsequently, in 1940 Huggins and Hodges demonstrated the association between normal and hyperplastic epithelium of canine prostate glands and adequate levels of circulating androgens. This pioneering work led extensive investigation of the role of androgens in both prostatic growth for benign and malignant disease. The goal of this article is to review the role of hormonal manipulation in prostate cancer in general and more specifically to focus on the role of radiation therapy and hormonal manipulation in locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The article is divided into sections that outline the role of different types of hormonal manipulation that are currently available along with the early work combining hormonal manipulation and radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Subsequently, a thorough review of the phase III trials performed to evaluate the potential role of hormonal manipulation in addition to radiation therapy in locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Included in that discussion is a section on the potential toxicities of hormonal manipulation. Finally, the current recommendations for the use of hormonal manipulation combined with radiation therapy in locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate is described.
前列腺癌的激素依赖性最早于1895年由怀特描述，他首次观察到去势与患有良性前列腺增生继发膀胱出口梗阻的男性前列腺疾病治疗之间的关系。随后，1940年哈金斯和霍奇斯证明了犬前列腺正常和增生上皮与循环雄激素的适当水平之间的关联。这项开创性工作引发了对雄激素在良性和恶性前列腺疾病生长中作用的广泛研究。本文的目的是总体回顾激素治疗在前列腺癌中的作用，更具体地关注放射治疗和激素治疗在局部晚期前列腺腺癌中的作用。文章分为几个部分，概述了目前可用的不同类型激素治疗的作用，以及早期将激素治疗与前列腺癌放射治疗相结合的工作。随后，对为评估激素治疗联合放射治疗在局部晚期前列腺腺癌中的潜在作用而进行的III期试验进行全面回顾。该讨论包括关于激素治疗潜在毒性的一节。最后，描述了目前关于激素治疗联合放射治疗在局部晚期前列腺腺癌中的使用建议。
