Patriquin M L, Loth S R, Steyn M
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pretoria, PO Box 2034, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Homo. 2003;53(3):255-62. doi: 10.1078/0018-442x-00049.
It is well known that there is metric and morphologic variation in the expression of sexual dimorphism between racial phenotypes and populations. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to assess morphologic sex differences in the pelves of South African whites and blacks. Results will be used to improve the identification of human skeletal remains by producing group specific standards. Morphologic features of both left and right os coxae were studied in a sample of 400 known sex/race individuals from the Pretoria and Dart collections. Bones that were clearly pathologic or visibly deformed were excluded from the study. Data were subjected to SPSS analysis. Results indicated that overall, public bone shape was the easiest to assess and was the most consistently reliable morphological indicator of sex in both sexes and population groups. At 88% average accuracy, the most discriminating traits in whites were pubic bone shape and subpubic concavity form. In blacks, greater sciatic notch form allowed the highest separation, averaging 87.5%, followed by pubic shape at 84.5%. Important findings included the fact that there were significant differences in the accuracy of sex determination from pelvic morphology between both males and females and whites and blacks. In conclusion, this study provides quantification of individual morphological traits in the os coxae of white and black South Africans that will be of value in forensic and archaeological analyses, especially when dealing with fragmentary remains. It also demonstrates that population differences affect the expression of sexual dimorphism and must be accounted for to develop the most effective methods of analysis.
众所周知，种族表型和人群之间的性二态性表达存在度量和形态学差异。因此，本研究的目的是评估南非白人和黑人骨盆的形态学性别差异。研究结果将用于制定群体特定标准，以改进对人类骨骼遗骸的鉴定。在来自比勒陀利亚和达特收藏的400名已知性别/种族个体的样本中，研究了左右髋骨的形态特征。明显病理性或明显变形的骨骼被排除在研究之外。数据进行了SPSS分析。结果表明，总体而言，耻骨形态是最容易评估的，并且是两性和人群中性别的最一致可靠的形态学指标。在白人中，平均准确率为88%，最具区分性的特征是耻骨形态和耻骨下凹形态。在黑人中，坐骨大切迹形态的区分度最高，平均为87.5%，其次是耻骨形态，为84.5%。重要发现包括，男性和女性以及白人和黑人之间，根据骨盆形态进行性别判定的准确率存在显著差异。总之，本研究对南非白人和黑人髋骨的个体形态特征进行了量化，这将在法医和考古分析中具有价值，尤其是在处理残缺遗骸时。研究还表明，群体差异会影响性二态性的表达，在开发最有效的分析方法时必须予以考虑。
