Pott Jan Willem R, Kingma C, Verhoeff K, Grootendorst R J, de Faber J T H N
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J AAPOS. 2003 Apr;7(2):137-41. doi: 10.1016/mpa.2003.S1091853103000077.
The Polaroid suppression test (PST) is a new method for early detection of amblyogenic factors by screening for suppression. The apparatus can elicit suppression with the use of Polaroid filters. The aim of the present study was to examine a population of children with known ophthalmologic disorders using the PST to determine the rate of false-negative results of the PST.
Six hundred four children, varying in age between 3 and 15 years (mean, 7.9) were examined using the PST. Ophthalmologic disorders ranged from strabismus and amblyopia to refractive disorders.
Mean testing time for the PST was 43 seconds. The PST could not be administered to 34 children (5.6%); 443 children (73.3%) had abnormal results; and 127 children (22.2%) showed no suppression. The suppression in constant strabismus was detected in almost all cases. The sensitivity for accommodative forms of strabismus was lower, but amblyopia was never missed in these cases. In children with normal eye alignment, only 2.7% with an interocular acuity difference of more than 0.1 logMAR had no suppression. Of all 119 children with clinical defined amblyopia, only 1 (0.8%) did not have suppression. Overall sensitivity of the PST for strabismus and/or abnormal interocular acuity difference was 96.2% and specificity was 41.1%.
The PST has great potential as a visual screening tool in young children. Only few children with amblyogenic factors were missed. Thus, the test can differentiate those children at risk for amblyopia from normally sighted children. Because specificity is lower, all children showing suppression with the PST in a screening situation should have further examination by the health care worker before being referred to the ophthalmologist.
宝丽来抑制试验（PST）是一种通过筛查抑制来早期检测致弱视因素的新方法。该设备可利用宝丽来滤光片引发抑制。本研究的目的是使用PST对一群患有已知眼科疾病的儿童进行检查，以确定PST假阴性结果的发生率。
使用PST对604名年龄在3至15岁之间（平均7.9岁）的儿童进行了检查。眼科疾病范围从斜视、弱视到屈光不正。
PST的平均测试时间为43秒。34名儿童（5.6%）无法进行PST测试；443名儿童（73.3%）结果异常；127名儿童（22.2%）未表现出抑制。几乎所有恒定性斜视病例都检测到了抑制。调节性斜视的敏感度较低，但在这些病例中弱视从未漏诊。在眼位正常的儿童中，双眼视力差值大于0.1 logMAR的儿童中只有2.7%未表现出抑制。在所有119名临床诊断为弱视的儿童中，只有1名（0.8%）未表现出抑制。PST对斜视和/或异常双眼视力差值的总体敏感度为96.2%，特异度为41.1%。
PST作为幼儿视力筛查工具具有很大潜力。只有极少数有致弱视因素的儿童被漏诊。因此，该测试可以将有弱视风险的儿童与视力正常的儿童区分开来。由于特异度较低，在筛查中所有表现出PST抑制的儿童在转诊至眼科医生之前都应由医护人员进行进一步检查。
