Iacono William G, Malone Stephen M, McGue Matt
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2003 May;48(2):147-78. doi: 10.1016/s0167-8760(03)00052-7.
We hypothesize the existence of an inherited predisposition for a spectrum of behaviors and traits characterized by behavioral disinhibition. This externalizing spectrum includes childhood disruptive disorders, antisocial behavior, substance use disorders, personality traits related to behavioral undercontrol, and the precocious expression of problem behavior. We further hypothesize that a genetically influenced central nervous system diathesis underlies this spectrum and is reflected in reduced P300 amplitude in a visual oddball event-related potential task. A review of evidence bearing on the model is derived from findings from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, a population-based, longitudinal investigation of twin youth. These findings indicate that the collection of attributes related to behavioral disinhibition is familial, heritable, and interrelated. Evidence supporting P3 amplitude reduction (P3-AR) as an index of genetic vulnerability for this externalizing spectrum includes its association with (a) familial risk for substance use and antisocial personality disorders, (b) diagnoses of childhood disruptive disorders and substance use disorders, (c) early onset of undersocialized behavior, and (d) quantitative phenotypes related to externalizing problems. In addition, the development of substance use disorders over a 3-year period is associated with P3-AR measured prior to their expression. These findings suggest that P3-AR indexes one aspect of the genetic diathesis for a spectrum of externalizing problem behavior.
我们假设存在一种遗传易感性，它与一系列以行为抑制障碍为特征的行为和特质相关。这种外化性谱系包括儿童期破坏性行为障碍、反社会行为、物质使用障碍、与行为控制不足相关的人格特质以及问题行为的早熟表现。我们进一步假设，一种受基因影响的中枢神经系统素质是这一谱系的基础，并在视觉oddball事件相关电位任务中表现为P300波幅降低。对该模型相关证据的综述来自明尼苏达双生子家庭研究的结果，这是一项基于人群的双生子青少年纵向调查。这些结果表明，与行为抑制障碍相关的一系列属性具有家族性、遗传性且相互关联。支持将P3波幅降低（P3-AR）作为这种外化性谱系遗传易感性指标的证据包括：它与（a）物质使用和反社会人格障碍的家族风险、（b）儿童期破坏性行为障碍和物质使用障碍的诊断、（c）未社会化行为的早发以及（d）与外化性问题相关的定量表型有关。此外，在3年期间物质使用障碍的发展与在其出现之前测量的P3-AR相关。这些结果表明，P3-AR是一系列外化性问题行为遗传素质的一个方面的指标。
