[Xanthrogranulomatous pyelonephritis with nephrocutaneous fistula].

The authors report a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting with nephrocutaneous fistula. This case illustrates all of the typical features of this disease: late diagnosis, non-functioning affected kidney, staghorn calculi, urinary tract anomaly, perinephritis with fistulization. The authors review the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and discuss the other aetiologies of nephrocutaneous fistula. In view of the severity of this disease and its preoperative resemblance to renal cancer, nephrectomy is often the only available treatment option.