MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003 May 2;52(17):381-4.
Asthma is a chronic illness that has been increasing in prevalence in the United States since 1980. In 2000, asthma accounted for 4,487 deaths, approximately 465,000 hospitalizations, an estimated 1.8 million emergency department (ED) visits, and approximately 10.4 million physician office visits among persons of all ages. To provide prevalence data for state and local health department asthma programs, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) collects data each year from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and three U.S. territories. This report summarizes asthma prevalence data for adults collected from the 2001 BRFSS survey and from the eight states that used the adult asthma history module. Findings from BRFSS indicate that approximately 7.2% of U.S. adults have current asthma. ED visits for asthma varied more than any other characteristic among the eight states that used the adult asthma history module. In Mississippi, 67.3% of respondents with current asthma reported no ED visits during the preceding 12 months, compared with 87.6% in Washington state. Continued use of the BRFSS asthma prevalence questions and the asthma history module will allow state health departments to monitor trends in asthma prevalence and control and to direct public health asthma interventions.
哮喘是一种慢性病，自1980年以来在美国的患病率一直在上升。2000年，哮喘导致4487人死亡，约46.5万人住院，估计有180万人前往急诊科就诊，以及各年龄段人群中约1040万人到医生办公室就诊。为了给州和地方卫生部门的哮喘项目提供患病率数据，行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）每年从50个州、哥伦比亚特区和美国的三个属地收集数据。本报告总结了从2001年BRFSS调查以及使用成人哮喘病史模块的八个州收集的成人哮喘患病率数据。BRFSS的调查结果表明，约7.2%的美国成年人患有现患哮喘。在使用成人哮喘病史模块的八个州中，因哮喘前往急诊科就诊的情况比任何其他特征的差异都更大。在密西西比州，67.3%的现患哮喘受访者报告在过去12个月中没有前往急诊科就诊，而在华盛顿州这一比例为87.6%。继续使用BRFSS哮喘患病率问题和哮喘病史模块将使州卫生部门能够监测哮喘患病率和控制情况的趋势，并指导公共卫生哮喘干预措施。
