Tatsumura Yvonne, Maskarinec Gertraud, Shumay Dianne M, Kakai Hisako
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., USA.
Altern Ther Health Med. 2003 May-Jun;9(3):64-71.
In addition to seeking conventional treatment from physicians, cancer patients will often use religious and spiritual resources (RSR) and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Patients' beliefs about the relationships among RSR, CAM, and conventional treatments may reflect belief systems not readily apparent to physicians.
Cancer patients in Hawaii were recruited from a group who had previously completed a questionnaire on CAM use. In-depth interviews were conducted with a selected subset of survey participants.
143 cancer patients were interviewed 2 to 3 years following diagnosis.
Participants reported using a variety of RSR, including personal faith, individual (self) prayer, relationship/dialog with God, prayers from fellow church members and others, counseling from pastor/priest or leader of faith, reading the bible, attending religious services, meditation, finding and spending time at locations of spiritual energy (i.e., churches, specific geographical locations, or certain natural settings), and help or counseling by ancestor(s). They also expressed beliefs that RSR, CAM, and conventional treatment have both shared and distinct purposes. RSR themes included providing treatment or cure, supporting treatment or cure, and being part of life. CAM themes included providing treatment or cure, supporting treatment or cure, preventing cancer and recurrence, substitution for conventional treatment, and as a last resort. Participants believed the purposes of conventional treatment were to fight/cure cancer and to improve quality of life.
RSR, CAM, and conventional treatment served both spiritual and physical purposes. When participants perceived a relationship between RSR, CAM, and conventional treatment, it reflected shared spiritual and physical purposes. Such associations were especially strong when RSR, CAM, and conventional treatment shared the common goals of providing treatment or cure and/or supporting treatment or cure. Perceptions of shared purpose were individual to each participant, with religious congruence and life history playing a role in beliefs about the relationship between RSR and CAM. Such beliefs can affect issues of control, spiritual well-being, coping, depression, decision-making, and possibly health outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, they should be addressed by clinicians in discussions with their patients.
除了寻求医生的传统治疗外，癌症患者通常还会利用宗教和精神资源（RSR）以及补充和替代医学（CAM）。患者对RSR、CAM和传统治疗之间关系的信念可能反映了医生不太容易察觉的信仰体系。
1）确定所使用的RSR，并探讨关于RSR、CAM和传统治疗的信念主题。2）调查癌症患者生活中RSR、CAM和传统治疗之间关系的本质。
从之前完成了一份关于CAM使用情况问卷的人群中招募夏威夷的癌症患者。对部分选定的调查参与者进行了深入访谈。
143名癌症患者在确诊后2至3年接受了访谈。
参与者报告使用了多种RSR，包括个人信仰、个人（自我）祈祷、与上帝的关系/对话、教会成员和其他人的祈祷、牧师/神父或宗教领袖的咨询、阅读圣经、参加宗教仪式、冥想、在具有精神能量的场所（如教堂、特定地理位置或某些自然环境）寻找并度过时光，以及祖先的帮助或咨询。他们还表达了这样的信念，即RSR、CAM和传统治疗既有共同的目的，也有不同的目的。RSR的主题包括提供治疗或治愈、支持治疗或治愈以及成为生活的一部分。CAM的主题包括提供治疗或治愈、支持治疗或治愈、预防癌症和复发、替代传统治疗以及作为最后的手段。参与者认为传统治疗的目的是对抗/治愈癌症并提高生活质量。
RSR、CAM和传统治疗都具有精神和身体方面的目的。当参与者察觉到RSR、CAM和传统治疗之间的关系时，它反映了共同的精神和身体目的。当RSR、CAM和传统治疗具有提供治疗或治愈以及/或者支持治疗或治愈的共同目标时，这种关联尤为强烈。对共同目的的认知因每个参与者而异，宗教一致性和生活经历在关于RSR和CAM关系的信念中发挥作用。此类信念可能会影响癌症患者的控制感、精神健康、应对方式、抑郁情绪、决策，甚至可能影响健康结果。因此，临床医生在与患者的讨论中应涉及这些信念。
