Doyle Karen Jo, Ray R Mark
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, USA.
Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2003;9(2):94-102. doi: 10.1002/mrdd.10065.
This article reviews the role of the otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon-in the diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss in infants and young children. The otolaryngologist is well-versed in the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the auditory system, as well as the craniofacial syndromes that can involve the head and neck in combination with deafness. In this paper, the various causes of congenital hearing loss are described, as well as the steps required for proper diagnosis. Finally, surgeries used by otolaryngologists to treat childhood hearing loss, their indications, and outcomes, are discussed.
本文综述了耳鼻喉科头颈外科医生在婴幼儿听力损失诊断和治疗中的作用。耳鼻喉科医生精通听觉系统的解剖学、生理学和病理生理学，以及可能与耳聋合并累及头颈部的颅面综合征。本文描述了先天性听力损失的各种原因，以及正确诊断所需的步骤。最后，讨论了耳鼻喉科医生用于治疗儿童听力损失的手术、其适应症和疗效。
