Reimann F, Kayhan V, Talati U
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1975 Nov;54(11):880-90.
A definite relation between ozaena and iron deficiency disease could not be verified. However, the examination of 88 patients with severe iron deficiency disease, mostly of juvenile age, revealed that X-ray pictures of the nose and the paranasal sinuses showed abnormal alterations indicating the existence of a non-inflammatory process. There were few symptoms from the nose and the neighbouring structures as well as insignificant clinical findings by inspection of these structures. The increased opacity of the maxillary sinuses on the roentgenograms and some other changes are considered to be partially due to the insufficient pneumatisation which is related to the retarded development and maturation of juvenile patients with iron deficiency disease. Furthermore, it is caused by the enlargement and thickening of the facial bones resulting from the expansive growth of the hyperplastic and hypertrophic red marrow filling completely the cancelous substance. The space of the maxillary sinuses is narrowed in many cases, the penetration power of the X-ray diminished and the clearing effect of the air containing cavities decreased.
臭鼻症与缺铁性疾病之间的确切关系无法得到证实。然而，对88例严重缺铁性疾病患者（大多数为青少年）的检查发现，鼻及鼻窦的X线片显示出异常改变，提示存在非炎症性病变。鼻及邻近结构几乎没有症状，对这些结构进行检查时临床发现也不明显。X线片上上颌窦透明度增加及其他一些变化部分被认为是由于气化不足，这与缺铁性疾病青少年患者发育和成熟延迟有关。此外，这是由于增生和肥大的红骨髓扩张生长完全填充松质骨物质导致面骨增大和增厚所致。在许多情况下，上颌窦空间变窄，X线穿透能力减弱，含气腔的清除效果降低。
