Hayward Clare, Madill Anna
Academic Unit of Psychiatry, 15 Hyde Terrace, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Soc Sci Med. 2003 Aug;57(3):389-401. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00364-7.
This study explores the meanings of organ donation, with emphasis on donating eyes and hearts, comparing people across gender and across two ethnic groups. Four focus group interviews were conducted with people living in the North of England: (1) five Muslim women of Pakistani origin, (2) five Muslim men of Pakistani origin, (3) nine white English women, and (4) eight white English men. The focus group interviews were analysed using grounded theory and a conceptual micro-model created for each group. The main finding was that the act of organ donation can be perceived as involving a personal cost. The Muslims of Pakistani origin related costs with their religious beliefs. In contrast, the white English associated costs with their distrust of the medical system. Women were concerned about the transmission of disease or of personality, whereas the white English men highlighted their personal rights. We conclude that the meaning of organ donation is more than about being and having a body. It is bound up in metaphors of embodiment, religious considerations, and moral judgement of scientific and medical conduct.
本研究探讨了器官捐赠的意义,重点是捐赠眼睛和心脏,并对不同性别和两个种族群体的人进行了比较。对居住在英格兰北部的人群进行了四次焦点小组访谈:(1)五名巴基斯坦裔穆斯林女性,(2)五名巴基斯坦裔穆斯林男性,(3)九名英国白人女性,以及(4)八名英国白人男性。使用扎根理论对焦点小组访谈进行了分析,并为每个群体创建了一个概念微观模型。主要发现是,器官捐赠行为可能被视为涉及个人代价。巴基斯坦裔穆斯林将代价与他们的宗教信仰联系起来。相比之下,英国白人将代价与他们对医疗系统的不信任联系起来。女性担心疾病或个性的传递,而英国白人男性则强调他们的个人权利。我们得出结论,器官捐赠的意义不仅仅关乎拥有一具身体。它与体现的隐喻、宗教考量以及对科学和医疗行为的道德评判紧密相连。