Ludewig B
Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Zürich, Schmelzbergstr. 12, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2003;276:199-214. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-06508-2_9.
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the initiation and maintenance of immune responses against viruses and other microbial pathogens. Adoptively transferred, in vitro manipulated DCs presenting antigen derived from different viruses have been shown to elicit cytotoxic T cell (CTL) and T helper (Th) cell responses and to induce protective antiviral immunity. Furthermore, DC-based adoptive immunotherapies have the potential to specifically (re)activate antiviral immunity in chronic viral diseases such as HIV or hepatitis virus infections. Cellular dendritic cell vaccines, however, are not suitable for large-scale prophylactic immunization. Strategies for vaccine development should therefore aim at the specific delivery of microbial antigens to DCs in situ. Furthermore, appropriate mobilization and activation of DCs by the vaccine is important for the generation of optimal antimicrobial immune responses. Here, we discuss recent data on induction of antiviral immunity with various DC-vaccination approaches and outline future directions for the development of specific antigen targeting to DCs.
树突状细胞（DCs）在针对病毒和其他微生物病原体的免疫反应的启动和维持中起着关键作用。已证明，经体外操作、呈递源自不同病毒的抗原的过继转移DCs可引发细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）和T辅助（Th）细胞反应，并诱导保护性抗病毒免疫。此外，基于DC的过继免疫疗法有可能在慢性病毒性疾病（如HIV或肝炎病毒感染）中特异性地（重新）激活抗病毒免疫。然而，细胞树突状细胞疫苗并不适合大规模预防性免疫。因此，疫苗开发策略应旨在将微生物抗原原位特异性递送至DCs。此外，疫苗对DCs进行适当的动员和激活对于产生最佳抗菌免疫反应很重要。在此，我们讨论了关于各种DC疫苗接种方法诱导抗病毒免疫的最新数据，并概述了针对DCs的特异性抗原靶向开发的未来方向。
