Ehmcke Jens, Clemen Günter
Institute of Animal Evolution and Ecology, University of Münster, Hüfferstrasse 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
Ann Anat. 2003 Jun;185(3):253-61. doi: 10.1016/S0940-9602(03)80035-3.
The skulls of six species of plethodontid salamanders of the genus Bolitoglossa from Costa Rica and Panama, Bolitoglossa colonnea, B. dofleini, B. lignicolor, B. marmorea, B. schizodactyla and B. striatula are comparatively analysed. All species are terrestrial or slightly arboreal and show no life-mode-dependent skull characteristics. Heads cleared by transparent preparation and stained in toto were used for examination of the skull structure and paraffin sections of the gonads were prepared to confirm sexual maturity of each individual. Focussing on the size of the premaxillary pars dentalis, the degree of fusion of the processus dorsales praemaxillares and the presence or absence of the paired prefrontals we state that B. dofleini and B. striatula possess more ancestral characteristics, B. marmorea is situated in an intermediate position and B. colonnea, B. lignicolor and B. schizodactyla show more advanced characteristics.
对来自哥斯达黎加和巴拿马的六种瘤螈属无肺螈科蝾螈的头骨进行了比较分析，这六种蝾螈分别是科氏瘤螈、多氏瘤螈、木色瘤螈、大理石瘤螈、裂趾瘤螈和细纹瘤螈。所有物种均为陆生或稍有树栖习性，未表现出与生活方式相关的头骨特征。通过透明标本制作法清理头部并整体染色，用于检查头骨结构，同时制备性腺石蜡切片以确认每个个体的性成熟情况。着眼于前颌骨齿部的大小、前颌骨背突的融合程度以及成对前额骨的有无，我们指出多氏瘤螈和细纹瘤螈具有更多原始特征，大理石瘤螈处于中间位置，而科氏瘤螈、木色瘤螈和裂趾瘤螈表现出更高级的特征。
