Sire Jean-Yves, Huysseune Ann
UMR 8570, Università Paris 7, Case 7077, F-75251 Paris, France.
Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2003 May;78(2):219-49. doi: 10.1017/s1464793102006073.
Osteichthyan and chondrichthyan fish present an astonishing diversity of skeletal and dental tissues that are often difficult to classify into the standard textbook categories of bone, cartilage, dentine and enamel. To address the question of how the tissues of the dermal skeleton evolved from the ancestral situation and gave rise to the diversity actually encountered, we review previous data on the development of a number of dermal skeletal elements (odontodes, teeth and dermal denticles, cranial dermal bones, postcranial dermal plates and scutes, elasmoid and ganoid scales, and fin rays). A comparison of developmental stages at the tissue level usually allows us to identify skeletogenic cell populations as either odontogenic or osteogenic on the basis of the place of formation of their dermal papillae and of the way of deposition of their tissues. Our studies support the evolutionary affinities (1) between odontodes, teeth and denticles, (2) between the ganoid scales of polypterids and the elasmoid scales of teleosts, and (3) to a lesser degree between the different bony elements. There is now ample evidence to ascertain that the tissues of the elasmoid scale are derived from dental and not from bony tissues. This review demonstrates the advantage that can be taken from developmental studies, at the tissue level, to infer evolutionary relationships within the dermal skeleton in chondrichthyans and osteichthyans.
硬骨鱼和软骨鱼的骨骼及牙齿组织呈现出惊人的多样性，这些组织常常难以被归类到教科书上关于骨、软骨、牙本质和釉质的标准类别中。为了解决真皮骨骼组织如何从原始状态演化而来并产生实际所见到的多样性这一问题，我们回顾了此前关于一些真皮骨骼元素（齿状突、牙齿和真皮小齿、颅骨真皮骨、颅后真皮板和鳞甲、硬鳞和圆鳞以及鳍条）发育的数据。在组织层面比较发育阶段，通常能让我们根据真皮乳头的形成位置及其组织沉积方式，将骨骼生成细胞群识别为成牙细胞或成骨细胞。我们的研究支持了以下进化亲缘关系：（1）齿状突、牙齿和小齿之间；（2）多鳍鱼的硬鳞与硬骨鱼的圆鳞之间；（3）不同骨元素之间的亲缘关系程度较低。现在有充分证据可以确定，圆鳞的组织源自牙齿组织而非骨组织。这篇综述展示了在组织层面进行发育研究对于推断软骨鱼和硬骨鱼真皮骨骼内部进化关系的优势。
