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为何自由主义者应该接受器官获取的经济激励措施。

Why liberals should accept financial incentives for organ procurement.

作者信息

Veatch Robert M

机构信息

Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

出版信息

Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2003 Mar;13(1):19-36. doi: 10.1353/ken.2003.0007.

Abstract

Free market libertarians have long supported incentives to increase organ procurement, but those oriented to justice traditionally have opposed them. This paper presents the reasons why those worried about justice should reconsider financial incentives and tolerate them as a lesser moral evil. After considering concerns about discrimination and coercion and setting them aside, it is suggested that the real moral concern should be manipulation of the neediest. The one offering the incentive (the government) has the resources to eliminate the basic needs that pressure the poor into a willingness to sell. It is unethically manipulative to withhold those resources and then offer payment for organs. Nevertheless, the poor have been left without basic necessities for 20 years since the passage of the prohibition on incentives. As long as the government continues to withhold a decent minimum of welfare, liberals should, with shame, cease opposing financial incentives for organ procurement.

摘要

自由市场自由主义者长期以来一直支持增加器官获取的激励措施,但传统上关注正义的人一直反对这些措施。本文阐述了那些担心正义问题的人应该重新考虑经济激励措施并将其作为较小的道德恶予以容忍的原因。在考虑并搁置了对歧视和胁迫的担忧之后,有人认为真正的道德担忧应该是对最贫困者的操纵。提供激励措施的一方(政府)有资源消除那些迫使穷人愿意出售器官的基本需求。扣留这些资源然后为器官提供报酬是不道德的操纵行为。然而,自禁止激励措施的规定通过以来,穷人已经二十年没有基本生活必需品了。只要政府继续扣留起码的体面福利,自由主义者就应该羞愧地停止反对器官获取的经济激励措施。

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