Buyx Alena M
The Harvard Program in Ethics and Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Transfus Med Hemother. 2009;36(5):329-339. doi: 10.1159/000235608. Epub 2009 Sep 21.
Blood is scarce, and ensuring a sufficient blood supply remains difficult for many countries. Payment for blood as a strategy to increase donations has remained highly controversial for decades, and the debate about ethical issues in paying donors has become somewhat stuck. At least from a policy perspective, it is important to find a compromise which allows for devising and implementing acceptable and successful policies to increase the blood supply. In this paper, such a compromise is developed both from a theoretical and empirical perspective, namely implementing well-designed non-cash incentives which cut across the rigid dichotomy of altruistic donations versus payment for donations. In order for this compromise to work, more attention to donation motives, the choice architecture, and the setting in blood donation needs to be paid.
血液供应短缺，对许多国家来说，确保充足的血液供应仍然困难重重。几十年来，将有偿献血作为增加献血量的一种策略一直备受争议，关于向献血者支付报酬所涉及的伦理问题的争论也陷入了某种僵局。至少从政策角度来看，找到一种折中的办法很重要，这种办法能够制定并实施可接受且成功的政策来增加血液供应。在本文中，我们从理论和实证两个角度提出了这样一种折中的办法，即实施精心设计的非现金激励措施，打破无偿献血与有偿献血这种严格的二分法。为了使这种折中的办法发挥作用，需要更多地关注献血动机、选择架构以及献血的环境。
