Iftner Thomas, Villa Luisa Lina
Medical Virology, Section Experimental Virology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 6, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2003(31):80-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jncimonographs.a003487.
Currently, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA tests validated in large trials and epidemiological studies are the hybrid capture second-generation (HC2) HPV DNA assay and a variety of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols employing degenerate or consensus primers. This article describes the currently available technology for HPV detection and discusses novel technologies and their potential for large-scale screening. Ideally, an HPV test should allow detection of multiple HPV types, identify individual types, and provide quantitative information about the viral load of each individual type found. Moreover, it should be easy to perform, be highly reproducible, with a high specificity and sensitivity, and amenable for high throughput analysis and automation. Because we do not yet fully understand the true value of viral load and the biological relevance of the different HPV types, any HPV test should be able to detect the clinically relevant high-risk types with a sufficient sensitivity of at least 10 000 genome copies per sample. To validate the different current and future test systems and to compare inter-laboratory performance we urgently need reference samples, validated reagents, and standardized protocols.
目前，在大型试验和流行病学研究中得到验证的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）DNA检测方法有杂交捕获第二代（HC2）HPV DNA检测法以及多种采用简并引物或共有引物的聚合酶链反应（PCR）方案。本文介绍了目前可用的HPV检测技术，并探讨了新技术及其在大规模筛查中的潜力。理想情况下，HPV检测应能够检测多种HPV类型，识别个别类型，并提供所发现的每种个别类型病毒载量的定量信息。此外，它应易于操作，具有高度可重复性、高特异性和高灵敏度，并且适合高通量分析和自动化。由于我们尚未完全了解病毒载量的真正价值以及不同HPV类型的生物学相关性，任何HPV检测都应能够以至少每份样本10000个基因组拷贝的足够灵敏度检测出临床相关的高危类型。为了验证当前和未来不同的检测系统，并比较实验室间的性能，我们迫切需要参考样本、经过验证的试剂和标准化方案。
