Tirapu-Ustárroz J, Muñoz-Céspedes J M, Pelegrín-Valero C
Servicio de Neuropsicología y Neuropsiquiatría, Clínica Ubarmin, Elcano, Navarra, España.
Rev Neurol. 2003;36(11):1083-93.
There are many definitions in order to describe the consciousness. In the literature appear concepts such alertness, attention, knowledge, conscious experience, awareness of deficits, self awareness, theory of mind in relation with consciousness definition. This multiplicity conceptual lead to formulate a question: Do exist different levels of complexity in the consciousness that depend on neuroanatomics structures differentiated?
In this paper an approximation toward a taxonomy of consciousness is offered and five levels of complexity and its relation with cerebral structures differentiated are suggested. In the first place, it s consider the alertness state as a necessary condition to exist the consciousness and his relation with attentional states. In the second place, it s present the conscious experience that depends on synchronicity neural activity. On the other hand, the daily clinic work shows the possibility of the existence of a consciousness for each specific field of knowledge. In the fourth place, it s located the self awareness understood like the capacity to perceive to us with objectivity but maintaining a subjectivity sense. At last, the theory of mind refers to the ability for attribute to the others specific mental states.
It s plan an analysis of the different models that have tried to give an answer to each one of complexity levels to attempt an approach based on the analytic science and not descriptive plane.
为了描述意识存在许多定义。在文献中出现了诸如警觉性、注意力、知识、有意识体验、对缺陷的意识、自我意识、与意识定义相关的心理理论等概念。这种概念的多样性引发了一个问题:意识中是否存在取决于不同神经解剖结构的不同复杂程度?
本文提出了一种对意识分类法的探讨,并提出了五个复杂程度级别及其与不同脑结构的关系。首先,将警觉状态视为意识存在的必要条件及其与注意力状态的关系。其次,介绍了取决于神经同步活动的有意识体验。另一方面,日常临床工作表明存在针对每个特定知识领域的意识的可能性。第四,将自我意识定位为以客观方式感知自己但保持主观感的能力。最后,心理理论指的是将特定心理状态归因于他人的能力。
计划对试图回答每个复杂程度级别的不同模型进行分析,以尝试基于分析科学而非描述层面的方法。