Edgar Graham J, Marshall Paul A, Mooney Peter
Charles Darwin Research Station, Puerto Ayora, Galapágos, Ecuador.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2003;47(7-8):296-302. doi: 10.1016/S0025-326X(03)00158-9.
The grounding of the oil tanker Jessica off San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos, resulted in generally elevated rather than depressed densities of fishes adjacent to the wreck site 15 weeks post spill. Species richness of fishes declined along transects out from the wreck; however, patterns were inconsistent for different depth strata, with the most clearly defined decline evident for the intermediate 5-7 m depth stratum. Fish species attracted to the immediate wreck site, most notably the surgeonfish Prionurus laticlavius, the damselfish Microspathodon dorsalis and the angelfish Holacanthus passer, were considered to be responding either to the heterogeneity provided by the wreck structure or elevated densities of macroalgae. The fish community at the wreck site lay outside the range of variation for other sites investigated in the region; however, contrary to predictions of grounding impacts, the fish assemblage immediately adjacent to the wreckage showed greater faunal similarity to reference sites than did fish assemblage at 60-90 m distance from the grounding.
油轮“杰西卡”号在加拉帕戈斯群岛圣克里斯托瓦尔岛附近搁浅，导致溢油事故发生15周后，沉船地点附近鱼类密度普遍升高而非降低。从沉船处向外的样带中，鱼类的物种丰富度有所下降；然而，不同深度层的模式并不一致，最明显的下降出现在5 - 7米的中间深度层。被吸引到沉船附近区域的鱼类，最显著的是刺尾鱼Prionurus laticlavius、雀鲷Microspathodon dorsalis和神仙鱼Holacanthus passer，被认为是对沉船结构提供的异质性或大型藻类密度升高做出反应。沉船地点的鱼类群落超出了该区域其他调查地点的变化范围；然而，与搁浅影响的预测相反，紧邻残骸的鱼类组合与参考地点的动物区系相似性，高于距离搁浅处60 - 90米处的鱼类组合。
