Chana Gursharan, Landau Sabine, Beasley Clare, Everall Ian P, Cotter David
Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Experimental Neuropathology and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, DeCrespigny Park, London, United Kingdom.
Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Jun 15;53(12):1086-98. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00114-8.
Abnormalities of cortical neuronal organization and reductions in neuronal somal size have been reported in schizophrenia. The purpose of this investigation was to assess patterns of neuronal and glial distribution in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BPD), and normal control subjects (15 subjects per group).
Estimates for neuronal somal and glial nuclear size and density were obtained. We employed two-dimensional morphometric analysis to examine the location of neurons and glia in a 1000-microm-wide strip of cortex.
A decreased clustering of neurons was seen in BPD (p =.001). No other group differences were observed in the clustering of neurons, glia, or of neurons about glia. Neuronal somal size was reduced in layer 5 in schizophrenia (18%, p =.001), BPD (16%, p <.001), and MDD (9%, p =.01). Neuronal density was increased in layer 6 in BPD (63%, p =.004) and schizophrenia (61%, p =.006) and in layer 5 in MDD (24%, p =.018) and schizophrenia (33%, p =.003).
The results of this study indicate that reduced neuronal somal size and increased neuronal density in cortical layers 5 and 6 of the ACC may be key features of schizophrenia, MDD, and BPD.
已有报道称精神分裂症患者存在皮质神经元组织异常和神经元胞体大小减小的情况。本研究的目的是评估重度抑郁症（MDD）、精神分裂症、双相情感障碍（BPD）患者以及正常对照受试者（每组15名受试者）前扣带回皮质（ACC）中神经元和胶质细胞的分布模式。
获得了神经元胞体和胶质细胞核大小及密度的估计值。我们采用二维形态计量分析来检查皮质1000微米宽条带中神经元和胶质细胞的位置。
双相情感障碍患者中神经元的聚集减少（p = 0.001）。在神经元、胶质细胞或围绕胶质细胞的神经元聚集方面，未观察到其他组间差异。精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和重度抑郁症患者第5层的神经元胞体大小减小（分别为18%，p = 0.001；16%，p < 0.001；9%，p = 0.01）。双相情感障碍和精神分裂症患者第6层的神经元密度增加（分别为63%，p = 0.004；61%，p = 0.006），重度抑郁症和精神分裂症患者第5层的神经元密度增加（分别为24%，p = 0.018；33%，p = 0.003）。
本研究结果表明，前扣带回皮质第5层和第6层中神经元胞体大小减小和神经元密度增加可能是精神分裂症、重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍的关键特征。
