Sussman Norman
Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003 Jun;23(3 Suppl 1):S21-6. doi: 10.1097/01.jcp.0000084037.22282.a3.
Patients receiving treatment with atypical antipsychotics commonly experience weight gain, which can cause considerable distress and can have deleterious effects on cardiovascular health. Because of the associated weight gain and potential direct effects on glucose metabolism, atypical antipsychotics have also been linked to the development of type II diabetes mellitus. Data on long-term treatment with these agents show that clozapine and olanzapine, followed by risperidone, were associated with the greatest degree of weight gain. A large body of data suggests that during long-term treatment, patients receiving the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine experience minimal weight gain. Data also suggest that quetiapine treatment does not increase the risk of developing type II diabetes. The use of atypical antipsychotics is increasing, as these agents are being prescribed for schizophrenia in lieu of conventional antipsychotics. Furthermore, these drugs have efficacy for treating other conditions such as bipolar disorder. Physicians prescribing atypical antipsychotics must be aware of the risk of weight gain and its associated comorbidities.
接受非典型抗精神病药物治疗的患者通常会体重增加，这可能会导致相当大的困扰，并对心血管健康产生有害影响。由于相关的体重增加以及对葡萄糖代谢的潜在直接影响，非典型抗精神病药物还与II型糖尿病的发生有关。关于这些药物长期治疗的数据表明，氯氮平和奥氮平，其次是利培酮，与最大程度的体重增加有关。大量数据表明，在长期治疗期间，接受非典型抗精神病药物喹硫平治疗的患者体重增加最少。数据还表明，喹硫平治疗不会增加患II型糖尿病的风险。非典型抗精神病药物的使用正在增加，因为这些药物正在被用于治疗精神分裂症以替代传统抗精神病药物。此外，这些药物对治疗其他疾病如双相情感障碍也有效。开非典型抗精神病药物的医生必须意识到体重增加的风险及其相关的合并症。
