Schulman M L, Marlow C H B, Nurton J P
Section of Reproduction, Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2003 Mar;74(1):17-9. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v74i1.492.
The data and an analysis of the statistical summaries from the 'Return of Mares' of the General Stud Book of The Jockey Club of Southern Africa from 1975-1999 are presented. The total number of mares covered per season ranged from 7393 (1992) to 5180 (1995). The total living produce in the period surveyed was 95 317 foals. The categories of data examined include: the total number of mares covered per season; the total numbers and percentage of their living produce; the total numbers and percentage dead produce, 'slips' and foals born dead, barren and 'no return' mares; and the total number of live twins reported. The percentage live foals per season increased from 52 to 62% and the percentage barren and 'no return' mares declined from 35.50 to 28.40% over the period surveyed. The number of live twins reported showed a dramatic reduction from 156 to 5. These apparent improvements are ascribed to a combination of factors including advances in veterinary knowledge and technology. The findings are similar to those reported by similar surveys of national Thoroughbred populations from North America and Germany. There is an indication to broaden this annual survey by recording additional parameters more accurately reflecting reproductive efficiency rather than a cumulative annual total of live foals.
本文呈现了1975年至1999年南非赛马俱乐部总种马登记簿中“母马回归”的数据及统计摘要分析。每个赛季配种的母马总数从7393匹（1992年）到5180匹（1995年）不等。在调查期间的总存活后代为95317匹驹。所审查的数据类别包括：每个赛季配种的母马总数；其存活后代的总数及百分比；死胎、流产、死产驹、不育和“未回归”母马的总数及百分比；以及报告的活产双胞胎总数。在所调查期间，每个赛季的活驹百分比从52%增至62%，不育和“未回归”母马的百分比从35.50%降至28.40%。报告的活产双胞胎数量从156例大幅减少至5例。这些明显的改善归因于多种因素，包括兽医知识和技术的进步。这些发现与北美和德国对全国纯种马种群进行的类似调查所报告的结果相似。有迹象表明，应通过记录更准确反映繁殖效率的其他参数来扩大这项年度调查，而不是仅仅记录活驹的年度累计总数。
