Weis Judith S, Weis Peddrick
Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2003 Jul;46(7):816-20. doi: 10.1016/S0025-326X(03)00036-5.
Studies of effects of the invasive brackish marsh plant Phragmites australis (common reed) on estuarine biota are reviewed. With few exceptions, most field studies indicate that these P. australis-dominated marshes have diverse and abundant benthic biota, and are utilized by nekton, comparable to Spartina alterniflora marshes. However, larval mummichogs, Fundulus heteroclitus, appear to be reduced in P. australis marshes compared with S. alterniflora marshes. Small epifauna living on plant stems also appear to be denser on S. alterniflora than P. australis stems. Other studies indicate that the detritus produced by decaying P. australis litter provides food value comparable to that of S. alterniflora and that its production enters estuarine food webs. Therefore, the general assumption that these marshes are ecologically "useless" is untrue. This information should be considered by marsh managers when making decisions about restoration projects.
本文综述了入侵性咸淡水沼泽植物芦苇（Phragmites australis）对河口生物群影响的研究。除少数例外情况外，大多数实地研究表明，这些以芦苇为主的沼泽拥有多样且丰富的底栖生物群，并且被游泳生物所利用，这与互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）沼泽相当。然而，与互花米草沼泽相比，芦苇沼泽中的底鳉（Fundulus heteroclitus）幼体数量似乎有所减少。生活在植物茎干上的小型表栖动物在互花米草上的密度似乎也比在芦苇上更高。其他研究表明，芦苇腐烂凋落物产生的碎屑提供的食物价值与互花米草相当，并且其产量进入河口食物网。因此，认为这些沼泽在生态上“无用”的普遍假设是不正确的。沼泽管理者在做出恢复项目决策时应考虑这些信息。
