Vinayagamoorthy T, Mulatz Kirk, Hodkinson Roger
Bio-ID Diagnostic, Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 4N1, Canada.
J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Jul;41(7):3284-92. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.7.3284-3292.2003.
MULTIGEN technology (T. Vinayagamoorthy, U.S. patent 6,197,510, March 2001) is a modification of conventional sequencing technology that generates a single electropherogram consisting of short nucleotide sequences from a mixture of known DNA targets. The target sequences may be present on the same or different nucleic acid molecules. For example, when two DNA targets are sequenced, the first and second sequencing primers are annealed to their respective target sequences, and then a polymerase causes chain extension by the addition of new deoxyribose nucleotides. Since the electrophoretic separation depends on the relative molecular weights of the truncated molecules, the molecular weight of the second sequencing primer was specifically designed to be higher than the combined molecular weight of the first sequencing primer plus the molecular weight of the largest truncated molecule generated from the first target sequence. Thus, the series of truncated molecules produced by the second sequencing primer will have higher molecular weights than those produced by the first sequencing primer. Hence, the truncated molecules produced by these two sequencing primers can be effectively separated in a single lane by standard gel electrophoresis in a single electropherogram without any overlapping of the nucleotide sequences. By using sequencing primers with progressively higher molecular weights, multiple short DNA sequences from a variety of targets can be determined simultaneously. We describe here the basic concept of MULTIGEN technology and three applications: detection of sexually transmitted pathogens (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum), detection of contaminants in meat samples (coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Escherichia coli O157:H7), and detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human N-acetyltransferase (NAT1) gene (S. Fronhoffs et al., Carcinogenesis 22:1405-1412, 2001).
多基因技术(T. 维奈亚加穆尔蒂,美国专利6,197,510,2001年3月)是对传统测序技术的一种改进,它能生成一个单一的电泳图谱,该图谱由来自已知DNA靶标混合物的短核苷酸序列组成。靶标序列可能存在于相同或不同的核酸分子上。例如,当对两个DNA靶标进行测序时,第一和第二测序引物与它们各自的靶标序列退火,然后聚合酶通过添加新的脱氧核糖核苷酸导致链延伸。由于电泳分离取决于截短分子的相对分子量,第二测序引物的分子量被特意设计得高于第一测序引物的分子量加上从第一个靶标序列产生的最大截短分子的分子量之和。因此,由第二测序引物产生的一系列截短分子将比由第一测序引物产生的分子量大。所以,由这两个测序引物产生的截短分子可以在单个电泳图谱的单一条带中通过标准凝胶电泳有效分离,核苷酸序列不会有任何重叠。通过使用分子量逐渐增大的测序引物,可以同时确定来自多种靶标的多个短DNA序列。我们在此描述多基因技术的基本概念以及三个应用:性传播病原体(淋病奈瑟菌、沙眼衣原体和解脲脲原体)的检测、肉类样本中污染物(大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群和大肠杆菌O157:H7)的检测以及人类N - 乙酰转移酶(NAT1)基因中单核苷酸多态性的检测(S. 弗龙霍夫斯等人,《癌变》22:1405 - 1412,2001年)。