Ségala C, Soussan D, Priol G, Lepage T, Martinat Y, Rogeaux Y, Touron D, Neukirch F
SEPIA-Santé, bureau d'études en Epidemiologie et Biostatistiques.
Rev Mal Respir. 2003 Apr;20(2 Pt 1):191-9.
The aim of this cohort study was to describe the evolution of recently diagnosed (<12 months) asthma, and to identify outcome predictive factors. This paper describes the evolution of an adult cohort and the factors related to asthma severity and control.
In 1995, 251 chest specialists from throughout France, recruited 347 asthmatic adults (subjects with severe asthma were excluded). 220 eligible patients were examined every four months over a three year period. Data (socio-demographic characteristics, asthma history, results of atopy testing and lung function tests, treatment, drug compliance, respiratory infections, changes in lifestyle and environment, and major life events) were collected by means of detailed standardised questionnaires completed by physicians. Asthma severity, recorded one year after study inclusion, and asthma control, assessed at each follow-up visit in the second and third year, were defined according to the international guidelines.
The clinical status of these adult patients generally improved rapidly. Asthma severity correlated closely with allergy, with a history of childhood asthma and with sensitisation to indoor allergens. After adjusting for severity, poor asthma control was associated with poor compliance, with respiratory infections, and, to a lesser extent, with animals inside the home.
This cohort study highlights the association of asthma severity with allergy, and of poor asthma control with poor compliance and respiratory infections.
这项队列研究的目的是描述近期诊断（<12个月）哮喘的演变情况，并确定预后预测因素。本文描述了一个成年队列的演变情况以及与哮喘严重程度和控制相关的因素。
1995年，来自法国各地的251名胸科专家招募了347名成年哮喘患者（排除了重度哮喘患者）。在三年时间里，每四个月对220名符合条件的患者进行检查。数据（社会人口学特征、哮喘病史、特应性检测和肺功能测试结果、治疗、药物依从性、呼吸道感染、生活方式和环境变化以及重大生活事件）通过医生填写的详细标准化问卷收集。根据国际指南定义了研究纳入一年后记录的哮喘严重程度以及在第二年和第三年每次随访时评估的哮喘控制情况。
这些成年患者的临床状况总体上迅速改善。哮喘严重程度与过敏、儿童哮喘病史以及对室内过敏原的致敏密切相关。在对严重程度进行调整后，哮喘控制不佳与依从性差、呼吸道感染以及在较小程度上与家中饲养动物有关。
这项队列研究强调了哮喘严重程度与过敏之间的关联，以及哮喘控制不佳与依从性差和呼吸道感染之间的关联。
