Heicappell R, Ackermann R
Department of Urology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Prog Clin Biol Res. 1992;378:207-16.
Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is almost completely resistant to conventional therapeutic approaches such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. There is growing evidence that few patients may be cured from metastatic RCC by immunotherapy. Unlike 20 years ago, current immunotherapeutic regimens are set up with pure drugs, such as recombinant cytokines. Immunotherapy interferes with a complicated network of cellular immune effectors, e.g., T-lymphocytes, macrophages and natural killer cells. The activity of immune effectors cells is regulated and fine-tuned by a variety of cytokines, e.g., interleukins and interferons which are produced predominantly by the immune effector cells themselves. It is reasonable to expect that in the near future more patients will benefit from immunotherapy for RCC as the knowledge on regulation of the immune response to tumors is rapidly increasing.
晚期肾细胞癌（RCC）几乎对化疗或放疗等传统治疗方法完全耐药。越来越多的证据表明，很少有患者能通过免疫疗法治愈转移性RCC。与20年前不同，目前的免疫治疗方案使用的是纯药物，如重组细胞因子。免疫疗法干扰细胞免疫效应器的复杂网络，例如T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞。免疫效应细胞的活性由多种细胞因子调节和微调，例如主要由免疫效应细胞自身产生的白细胞介素和干扰素。随着对肿瘤免疫反应调节的认识迅速增加，可以合理预期在不久的将来会有更多患者从RCC免疫疗法中受益。
