Thoeming G, Borgemeister C, Sétamou M, Poehling H M
Institute of Plant Diseases and Plant Protection, University Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
J Econ Entomol. 2003 Jun;96(3):817-25. doi: 10.1093/jee/96.3.817.
The systemic effects of neem on the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), were investigated in laboratory trials using green bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., in arena and microcosm experiments. In arena experiments, systemic effects of neem against western flower thrips larvae on primary bean leaves were observed with maximum corrected mortality of 50.6%. In microcosm experiments using bean seedlings, higher efficacy in the control of western flower thrips were observed with soil applications of neem on a substrate mixture (i.e., Fruhstorfer Erde, Type P, and sand) in a 1:1 ratio (93% corrected mortality) compared with application on the commercial substrate only (76% corrected mortality). However, longer persistence of neem was observed with soil application on the commercial substrate, which showed effects against thrips for up to 6 d after application. In addition to systemic effects observed on all foliage-feeding stages of western flower thrips, mortality on contact and repellent effects were observed on soil-inhabiting stages after soil applications of neem. Finally, bean seedlings grown from seeds pregerminated for 3 d in neem emulsion were also toxic to western flower thrips.
在实验室试验中，利用绿豆（菜豆），通过 arena 和微观实验研究了印楝对西花蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)）的系统效应。在 arena 实验中，观察到印楝对菜豆初生叶片上西花蓟马幼虫的系统效应，最大校正死亡率为 50.6%。在使用菜豆幼苗的微观实验中，与仅在商业基质上施用印楝相比，在 1:1 比例的基质混合物（即 Fruhstorfer Erde，P 型，和沙子）上土壤施用印楝对西花蓟马的防治效果更高（校正死亡率为 93%），而在商业基质上施用印楝的校正死亡率为 76%。然而，在商业基质上土壤施用印楝观察到印楝的持效期更长，施用后对蓟马的影响长达 6 天。除了在西花蓟马所有取食叶片阶段观察到系统效应外，在土壤施用印楝后，对栖息在土壤中的阶段观察到接触死亡率和驱避效应。最后，在印楝乳液中预发芽 3 天的种子长出的菜豆幼苗对西花蓟马也有毒性。
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