N-乙酰葡糖胺转移酶V、巨噬细胞与癌症转移:一个共同的联系
GnT-V, macrophage and cancer metastasis: a common link.
作者信息
Chakraborty A K, Pawelek J M
机构信息
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
出版信息
Clin Exp Metastasis. 2003;20(4):365-73. doi: 10.1023/a:1024007915938.
GnT-V generated, beta1,6-branched polylactosamines are a common feature shared by normal granulocytes, monocytes, and a variety of malignant cells. Furthermore, activation of GnT-V in oncogenic transformation induces invasiveness and metastatic potential in mice as well as in humans. In view of the common expression of lymphocytic/monocytic trait, motility, and GnT-V by metastatic cancer cells, macrophage fusion hybrids were generated in vitro with Cloudman S91 mouse melanoma cells to test whether the parental traits are co-expressed in hybrids and how those are related to altered phenotypes in relation to metastasis. In fact, the fusion hybrids are highly metastatic in vivo, motile in vitro, and express macrophage-associated traits of increased GnT-V activity, beta1,6 branching, and polylactosamine content. A Spontaneously formed lung melanoma metastases have been identified and characterized as host x tumor hybrid containing higher DNA content than parental cells and increased GnT-V activity. The results, taken together, could reflect prior fusion of tumor-associated macrophages with cells of the primary tumor, and therefore establish a possible common link between elevated expression of GnT-V and malignant transformation, a well-known report. Moreover, the fusion hybrids with metastatic potential ranging from high to low offer a genetically matched model system, for identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes in association with metastasis, since the fusion partners are derived from the same species of mouse (DBA/2J).
由GnT-V生成的β1,6-分支多乳糖胺是正常粒细胞、单核细胞以及多种恶性细胞共有的特征。此外,在致癌转化过程中GnT-V的激活在小鼠和人类中均诱导侵袭性和转移潜能。鉴于转移性癌细胞共同表达淋巴细胞/单核细胞特征、运动性和GnT-V,体外将Cloudman S91小鼠黑色素瘤细胞与巨噬细胞融合产生杂交细胞,以测试亲代特征在杂交细胞中是否共同表达以及它们与转移相关的表型改变有何关系。事实上,融合杂交细胞在体内具有高度转移性,在体外具有运动性,并表达与巨噬细胞相关的特征,即GnT-V活性增加、β1,6分支增加和多乳糖胺含量增加。已鉴定出自发性形成的肺黑色素瘤转移灶,并将其表征为宿主与肿瘤的杂交体,其DNA含量高于亲代细胞且GnT-V活性增加。综合这些结果,可能反映了肿瘤相关巨噬细胞与原发性肿瘤细胞先前的融合,因此建立了GnT-V表达升高与恶性转化之间可能的共同联系,这是一份著名的报告。此外,具有高到低转移潜能的融合杂交细胞提供了一个基因匹配的模型系统,用于鉴定和表征与转移相关的差异表达基因,因为融合亲本来自同一品系的小鼠(DBA/2J)。