Mohr Wanda K, Petti Theodore A, Mohr Brian D
Rutgers University, College of Nursing, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Can J Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;48(5):330-7. doi: 10.1177/070674370304800509.
Restraint use is not monitored in the US, and only institutions that choose to do so collect statistics. In 1999, investigative journalists reported lethal consequences proximal to restraint use, making it a life-and-death matter that demands attention from professionals. This paper reviews the literature concerning actual and potential causes of deaths proximal to the use of physical restraint.
Searching the electronic databases Medline, Cinahl, and PsycINFO, we reviewed the areas of forensics and pathology, nursing, cardiology, immunology, psychology, neurosciences, psychiatry, emergency medicine, and sports medicine.
Research is needed to provide clinicians with data on the risk factors and adverse effects associated with restraint use, as well as data on procedures that will lead to reduced use. Research is needed to determine what individual risk factors and combinations thereof contribute to injury and death.
在美国，约束措施的使用情况未受到监测，只有选择这么做的机构才会收集相关统计数据。1999年，调查记者报道了约束措施使用后不久出现的致命后果，这使其成为一个生死攸关的问题，需要专业人士予以关注。本文回顾了有关身体约束措施使用后不久实际和潜在死亡原因的文献。
通过检索电子数据库Medline、Cinahl和PsycINFO，我们对法医学、病理学、护理学、心脏病学、免疫学、心理学、神经科学、精神病学、急诊医学和运动医学等领域进行了回顾。
需要开展研究，为临床医生提供与约束措施使用相关的风险因素和不良反应数据，以及有助于减少约束措施使用的程序数据。需要开展研究，以确定哪些个体风险因素及其组合会导致伤害和死亡。
