Sofola O O, Shaba O P, Jeboda S O
Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Odontostomatol Trop. 2003 Mar;26(101):25-9.
To assess the oral hygiene methods being used by the children in the urban and rural areas studied, the effect on their oral hygiene and the periodontal treatment needs of urban and rural school children.
An urban and a rural local government area in Lagos State, Southwest Nigeria.
Cross-sectional and descriptive.
1829 primary school children from primary one to six were selected from thirteen fee-paying and non fee-paying schools using a multistage random sampling. One thousand, and twenty-three (1023) children were examined in the urban area and eight hundred and six (806) children were examined in the rural area. The simplified oral hygiene index of Greene and Vermillion and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment needs (CPITN) were used to assess the oral hygiene status and Periodontal treatment needs respectively.
205 (20%) of the children in the urban area use the toothbrush and toothpaste only and 84 (10.4%) of those in the rural area use only the toothbrush and toothpaste. 255 (31.6%) of the children in the rural area use only the chewing stick compared with 5 (0.5%) of the children in the urban area. Majority of the children use a combination of methods based on what is available. Children in the urban area had significantly better oral hygiene than those in the rural area but children from low social class in the urban area had significantly poorer oral hygiene than those from the high social clans. Majority of the children from the rural area and the low class urban area needed scaling and polishing. It was concluded that there is a need for improvement in oral hygiene of the children via oral health education. There is a greater need for middle level oral health manpower as the majority required scaling and polishing with oral hygiene instructions.
评估城乡地区儿童所采用的口腔卫生方法、这些方法对其口腔卫生的影响以及城乡学童的牙周治疗需求。
尼日利亚西南部拉各斯州的一个城市和一个农村地方政府辖区。
横断面描述性研究。
采用多阶段随机抽样，从13所收费和免费学校中选取1至6年级的1829名小学生。城市地区检查了1023名儿童，农村地区检查了806名儿童。分别使用Greene和Vermillion简化口腔卫生指数以及社区牙周治疗需求指数（CPITN）来评估口腔卫生状况和牙周治疗需求。
城市地区205名（20%）儿童仅使用牙刷和牙膏，农村地区84名（10.4%）儿童仅使用牙刷和牙膏。农村地区255名（31.6%）儿童仅使用咀嚼棒，而城市地区仅有5名（0.5%）儿童使用。大多数儿童根据现有物品综合使用多种方法。城市地区儿童的口腔卫生状况明显优于农村地区，但城市地区社会阶层较低的儿童口腔卫生状况明显差于社会阶层较高的儿童。农村地区和城市低阶层地区的大多数儿童需要进行洁治和抛光。结论是，需要通过口腔健康教育改善儿童的口腔卫生状况。由于大多数儿童需要在接受口腔卫生指导的同时进行洁治和抛光，因此对中级口腔卫生人力的需求更大。
