Chang Wendy Y, DeCherney Alan H
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA.
Hum Fertil (Camb). 2003 May;6(2):64-70. doi: 10.1080/1464770312331369063.
The advent of human assisted reproductive technology (ART) has engendered much legal and ethical debate. This article examines the evolution of regulation in ART in the USA and discusses the impetus for, and repercussions of, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority in the UK. Key differences in government legislation between the UK and USA have driven the evolution of a distinct regulatory body that oversees ART in the USA. The National Advisory Board on Ethics in Reproduction (NABER) serves as an unofficial advisory body that addresses ethical issues in reproduction. The Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) maintains a registry that collects, reports and verifies data for individual ART clinics. Clinic-specific success rates are readily available through annual reports published through a collaboration of SART, the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), the Center for Disease Control (CDC), and the National Infertility Association (RESOLVE). The ASRM has assumed a strong advisory role in addressing ethical issues and practice guidelines in assisted reproduction. Thus, although there is no central body to regulate ART in the USA, basic legislation, standards and guidelines that drive the provision of these services do exist in the USA.
人类辅助生殖技术（ART）的出现引发了诸多法律和伦理辩论。本文审视了美国ART监管的演变，并探讨了英国人类受精与胚胎学管理局成立的动因及其影响。英美两国政府立法的关键差异推动了美国一个专门监管ART的独特监管机构的演变。国家生殖伦理咨询委员会（NABER）作为一个非官方咨询机构，处理生殖领域的伦理问题。辅助生殖技术协会（SART）维护着一个登记处，收集、报告并核实各个ART诊所的数据。通过SART、美国生殖医学学会（ASRM）、疾病控制中心（CDC）和全国不孕不育协会（RESOLVE）合作发布的年度报告，可以很容易地获取各诊所的成功率。ASRM在处理辅助生殖领域的伦理问题和实践指南方面发挥了强有力的咨询作用。因此，尽管美国没有一个中央机构来监管ART，但美国确实存在推动这些服务提供的基本立法、标准和指南。
