Benifla Mony, Weizman Zvi
Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003 Aug;37(2):169-72. doi: 10.1097/00004836-200308000-00015.
To review the published experience with acute pancreatitis in childhood.
Computerized search of the English medical literature since 1965 using MEDLINE.
Details of 589 patients were reviewed. Mean age was 9.2 +/- 2.4 years (range: 1 week to 21 years). Male to female ratio was 1.2. Etiologies included (n = 589): idiopathic (23%), trauma (22%), structural anomalies (15%), multisystem disease (14%), drugs and toxins (12%), viral infections (10%), hereditary (2%) and metabolic disorders (2%). Diagnosis was based most often on abnormal abdominal ultrasonography (81%) and on elevated serum amylase levels (63%). Radiograph findings were helpful in 34%. In 16% of the patients the diagnosis was based only on laparotomy. Mean hospital stay was 13.2 +/- 2.4 days and TPN was required in 28% of the patients. In 24% of the subjects a surgical intervention was indicated. Recurrence was reported in 9%, most of them with idiopathic and structural etiologies. Fatal outcome was described in 9.7% of the patients.
Acute pancreatitis of childhood, although considered sometimes as a minor disorder, carries significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, pediatricians should be more aware of this illness.
回顾已发表的关于儿童急性胰腺炎的经验。
使用MEDLINE对1965年以来的英文医学文献进行计算机检索。
对589例患者的详细情况进行了回顾。平均年龄为9.2±2.4岁（范围：1周至21岁）。男女比例为1.2。病因包括（n = 589）：特发性（23%）、创伤（22%）、结构异常（15%）、多系统疾病（14%）、药物和毒素（12%）、病毒感染（10%）、遗传性（2%）和代谢紊乱（2%）。诊断最常基于腹部超声异常（81%）和血清淀粉酶水平升高（63%）。X线检查结果在34%的病例中有所帮助。16%的患者仅通过剖腹手术确诊。平均住院时间为13.2±2.4天，28%的患者需要全胃肠外营养（TPN）。24%的患者需要进行手术干预。9%的患者有复发报告，其中大多数病因是特发性和结构性的。9.7%的患者有致命结局。
儿童急性胰腺炎虽然有时被认为是一种轻症疾病，但具有显著的发病率和死亡率。因此，儿科医生应更加关注这种疾病。
