Strachan L R, Condic M L
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, School of Medicine, 20 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-3401, USA.
Dev Biol. 2003 Jul 15;259(2):288-302. doi: 10.1016/s0012-1606(03)00187-8.
The neural crest is a transient cell population that travels long distances through the embryo to form a wide range of derivatives. The extensive migration of the neural crest is highly unusual and incompletely understood. We examined the ability of neural crest cells (NCCs) to migrate under different conditions in vitro. Unlike most motile cell types, avian NCCs migrate efficiently on a wide range of fibronectin concentrations. Strikingly, the migration of NCCs on laminin depends on the axial level from which the crest is derived. On high concentrations of laminin, cranial NCCs migrate at approximately twice the rate of trunk NCCs and show greater persistence, a higher percentage of migratory cells, and a less organized cytoskeleton. The difference in migration between cranial and trunk neural crest is not due to transcriptional differences in integrin mRNA, but rather to differences in posttranslational regulation. Overexpression of a single integrin is sufficient to significantly slow the migration velocity of cranial neural crest cultured on high laminin densities. These results demonstrate that neural crest cells accommodate a wide range of ECM concentrations in vitro and suggest that differences in integrin regulation along the anterior-posterior axis may contribute to differences in neural crest migration and cell fate.
神经嵴是一种短暂存在的细胞群体，它在胚胎中远距离迁移以形成多种衍生物。神经嵴的广泛迁移非常独特，目前尚未完全了解。我们研究了神经嵴细胞（NCCs）在不同体外条件下的迁移能力。与大多数运动细胞类型不同，禽类NCCs在广泛的纤连蛋白浓度下都能高效迁移。令人惊讶的是，NCCs在层粘连蛋白上的迁移取决于神经嵴起源的轴向水平。在高浓度层粘连蛋白上，颅神经嵴细胞的迁移速度约为躯干神经嵴细胞的两倍，并且表现出更强的持续性、更高比例的迁移细胞以及更无序的细胞骨架。颅神经嵴和躯干神经嵴在迁移上的差异并非由于整合素mRNA的转录差异，而是由于翻译后调控的差异。单一整合素的过表达足以显著减慢在高层粘连蛋白密度上培养的颅神经嵴的迁移速度。这些结果表明神经嵴细胞在体外能适应广泛的细胞外基质浓度，并提示沿前后轴整合素调控的差异可能导致神经嵴迁移和细胞命运的差异。
