Crandall Lee A, Metsch Lisa R, McCoy Clyde B, Chitwood Dale D, Tobias Hayley
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami, 1801 NW 9th Ave (R-669), 2nd Floor, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
J Behav Health Serv Res. 2003 Jul-Sep;30(3):321-31. doi: 10.1007/BF02287320.
Interviews of low-income women in Miami, FL, addressed reproductive health issues in a stratified, network-referred sample of chronic drug users (CDUs) and socially and ethnically similar women who were not CDUs. Women who were not CDUs were significantly more likely to report a regular source of health care than CDUs. About one third of each group reported experiencing reproductive health problems (other than pregnancy) in the 12 months preceding their interview. Chronic drug users were twice as likely to report that these problems remained untreated. Measures of use of preventive services (physical exam, breast exam, pelvic exam, family planning visit) consistently showed lower use by CDUs. A higher proportion of women who were not CDUs reported pregnancies in the 12 months preceding interview. The 32 pregnant CDUs were much less likely to have received prenatal care than the 42 pregnant women who were not CDUs. For women who reported a pregnancy in the year preceding interview, logistic regression analysis showed a strong and robust negative effect of being a CDU on receiving prenatal care even when the effects of having a usual source of care and having third-party coverage were controlled.
对佛罗里达州迈阿密市低收入女性进行的访谈，涉及生殖健康问题，样本为分层抽样，包括慢性吸毒者（CDU）以及社会和种族背景相似但非慢性吸毒者的女性。非慢性吸毒者比慢性吸毒者更有可能报告有固定的医疗保健来源。每组中约三分之一的女性表示在接受访谈前的12个月内经历过生殖健康问题（怀孕除外）。慢性吸毒者报告这些问题未得到治疗的可能性是其他人的两倍。预防性服务（体格检查、乳房检查、盆腔检查、计划生育就诊）的使用情况衡量指标一直显示慢性吸毒者的使用率较低。非慢性吸毒者中有更高比例的女性在接受访谈前的12个月内报告怀孕。32名怀孕的慢性吸毒者接受产前护理的可能性远低于42名怀孕的非慢性吸毒者。对于在接受访谈前一年报告怀孕的女性，逻辑回归分析显示，即使控制了有常规医疗保健来源和第三方保险的影响，作为慢性吸毒者对接受产前护理仍有强烈且稳健的负面影响。
