Ponder D L, Innis S M, Benson J D, Siegman J S
Medical Department, Pediatrics, Ross Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio 43215-1724.
Pediatr Res. 1992 Dec;32(6):683-8. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199212000-00012.
The objective of this study was to compare circulating lipid docosahexaenoic acid [22:6(n-3), DHA] levels in term infants fed a powdered (CORN oil) or liquid (SOY oil) infant formula or human milk (HM). Infants whose mothers chose not to breast feed were randomly assigned to the CORN or SOY formula group. The formula fat differed in linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)] content: it was 0.8% for the CORN and 4.8% for the SOY. Linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)] was 31.5 and 34.2% fatty acids in the CORN and SOY formula, respectively. The formulas or HM were fed from birth through 8 wk of age, and growth and the plasma and red blood cell (RBC) phospholipid fatty acid composition was determined at 3 d, 4 wk, and 8 wk of age. Growth did not differ among groups. The plasma phospholipid and RBC phosphatidylethanolamine DHA was similar in the CORN and SOY formula groups at all ages. Plasma and RBC phosphatidylethanolamine levels of DHA were significantly lower in infants fed the CORN or SOY formula than in infants fed HM during wk 4 and 8. Plasma and RBC 22:5(n-6) was not increased in the formula groups at any age. The formula content of linolenic acid had no effect on the RBC or plasma DHA levels of the infants. The biologic or functional significance of the lower plasma and RBC DHA in infants fed formula rather than HM is unknown. The need for a dietary source of DHA and specificity of plasma or RBC phospholipid DHA as a measure of desaturation and elongation of linolenic acid in developing organs remains uncertain.
本研究的目的是比较食用粉状（玉米油）或液态（大豆油）婴儿配方奶粉或母乳（HM）的足月儿循环脂质二十二碳六烯酸[22:6(n-3)，DHA]水平。母亲选择不进行母乳喂养的婴儿被随机分配到玉米油或大豆油配方奶粉组。配方奶粉中的脂肪在亚麻酸[18:3(n-3)]含量上有所不同：玉米油中为0.8%，大豆油中为4.8%。玉米油和大豆油配方奶粉中，亚油酸[18:2(n-6)]分别占脂肪酸的31.5%和34.2%。从出生到8周龄期间喂食配方奶粉或母乳，并在3日龄、4周龄和8周龄时测定生长情况以及血浆和红细胞（RBC）磷脂脂肪酸组成。各组间生长情况无差异。在所有年龄段，玉米油和大豆油配方奶粉组的血浆磷脂和红细胞磷脂酰乙醇胺DHA相似。在第4周和第8周时，喂食玉米油或大豆油配方奶粉的婴儿血浆和红细胞磷脂酰乙醇胺DHA水平显著低于喂食母乳的婴儿。在任何年龄，配方奶粉组的血浆和红细胞22:5(n-6)均未升高。配方奶粉中亚麻酸的含量对婴儿红细胞或血浆DHA水平没有影响。喂食配方奶粉而非母乳的婴儿血浆和红细胞DHA水平较低的生物学或功能意义尚不清楚。对于发育中的器官而言，是否需要膳食来源的DHA以及血浆或红细胞磷脂DHA作为亚麻酸去饱和和延长的指标的特异性仍不确定。
