Quarry-Horn Jill L, Evans Barbara J, Kerrigan James R
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
J Sch Nurs. 2003 Aug;19(4):195-203. doi: 10.1177/10598405030190040301.
In the United States, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in children and adolescents has been increasing at an alarming rate. Early recognition and intervention can delay the onset of type 2 DM and prevent the long-term complications. School nurses have an essential role in implementing the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommended screening guidelines to identify youth at high risk for type 2 DM and in implementing student health programs that focus positively on the importance of physical activity and healthy eating habits. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, complications, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as the recommended screening guidelines for type 2 DM in the pediatric age group. The information provided will enhance awareness, promote screening, and empower the school nurse to more effectively promote healthy lifestyle education.
在美国，儿童和青少年2型糖尿病（DM）的发病率一直以惊人的速度上升。早期识别和干预可以延缓2型糖尿病的发病，并预防长期并发症。学校护士在实施美国糖尿病协会（ADA）推荐的筛查指南以识别2型糖尿病高危青少年，以及实施积极关注体育活动和健康饮食习惯重要性的学生健康计划方面发挥着重要作用。本文的目的是概述儿童年龄组2型糖尿病的流行病学、病理生理学、并发症、诊断和治疗，以及推荐的筛查指南。所提供的信息将提高认识、促进筛查，并使学校护士能够更有效地促进健康生活方式教育。
