Kocher Mininder S, Henley M Bradford
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003 Aug(413):106-16. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000079326.41006.4e.
Clinical decisions must be made, often under circumstances of uncertainty and limited resources. Decision analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis are methodologic tools that allow for quantitative analysis and the optimization of decision-making. These methods can be useful for decisions regarding individual patient evaluation and treatment options or in formulating healthcare policy. We overview the methodology of expected value decision analysis and of cost-effectiveness analysis, including cost-identification, cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, and cost-utility analyses. Examples are provided of these methods and a user's guide to cost-effectiveness analysis is outlined.
临床决策必须做出，而且往往是在不确定性和资源有限的情况下做出。决策分析和成本效益分析是有助于进行定量分析和优化决策的方法工具。这些方法对于有关个体患者评估和治疗方案的决策或制定医疗保健政策可能很有用。我们概述了期望值决策分析和成本效益分析的方法，包括成本识别、成本效益、成本效益比和成本效用分析。文中提供了这些方法的示例，并概述了成本效益分析的用户指南。
