Kusnezow Wlad, Hoheisel Jörg D
Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
J Mol Recognit. 2003 Jul-Aug;16(4):165-76. doi: 10.1002/jmr.625.
Stimulated by the achievements of the first phase in genomics and the resulting need of assigning functions to the acquired sequence information, novel formats of immunoassays are being developed for high-throughput multi-analyte studies. In principle, they are similar in nature to the microarray assays already established at the level of nucleic acids. However, the biochemical diversity and the sheer number of proteins are such that an equivalent analysis is much more complex and thus difficult to accomplish. The wide range of protein concentration complicates matters further. Performing microarray immunoassays already represents a challenge at the level of preparing a working chip surface. Arrays have been produced on filter supports, in microtiter plate wells and on glass slides, the last two usually coated with one-, two- or three-dimensionally structured surface modifications. The usefulness and suitability of all these support media for the construction and application of antibody microarrays are reviewed in this manuscript in terms of the different kinds of immunoassay and the various detection procedures. Additionally, the employment of microarrays containing alternative sensor molecules is discussed in this context. The sensitivity of microspot immunoassays predicted by the current analyte theory is not yet a reality, indicating the extent of both the technology's potential and the size of the task still ahead.
受基因组学第一阶段成就的刺激以及由此产生的为获取的序列信息赋予功能的需求，新型免疫分析形式正在被开发用于高通量多分析物研究。原则上，它们在本质上与已经在核酸水平建立的微阵列分析相似。然而，蛋白质的生化多样性和数量之多使得等效分析要复杂得多，因此难以完成。蛋白质浓度范围广泛使情况更加复杂。在制备工作芯片表面的层面上，进行微阵列免疫分析已经是一项挑战。阵列已在滤膜支持物、微量滴定板孔和载玻片上制备，后两者通常涂覆有一维、二维或三维结构的表面修饰。本文根据不同类型的免疫分析和各种检测程序，综述了所有这些支持介质在抗体微阵列构建和应用方面的实用性和适用性。此外，在此背景下还讨论了含有替代传感器分子的微阵列的应用。当前分析物理论预测的微斑点免疫分析的灵敏度尚未成为现实，这表明了该技术的潜力范围以及仍面临的任务规模。
