Dillman Robert O
Clinical and Laboratory Cancer Research, Hoag Cancer Center, Hoag Hospital, Newport Beach, CA 92658, USA.
Curr Hematol Rep. 2003 Jan;2(1):30-7.
Radioimmunotherapy consists of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of malignancy. For more than a decade, radioimmunotherapy has shown great promise for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma. During the past decade, two products targeted to the CD20 antigen on B cells, iodine-131 tositumomab and yttrium-90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan, have been tested extensively in registration trials for potential licensing approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Both products have produced response rates of 70% to 80% in low-grade and follicular lymphoma, and response rates of 50% to 60% in low-grade or follicular lymphoma that has transformed into an intermediate or high-grade lymphoma. Median duration of response to a single course of treatment has been about 1 year, with complete remission rates in one quarter to one third of patients. In February, 2002, 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan was formally approved by the FDA for the treatment of relapsed or refractory low-grade, follicular, or transformed B-cell lymphoma, including rituximab-refractory transformed lymphoma, thus becoming the first radioimmunotherapeutic agent approved by the agency. The product became available for commercial use in April, 2002. Clinical trials will determine how radioimmunotherapy will be integrated into the treatment of lymphoma.
放射免疫疗法是指用放射性标记的单克隆抗体来治疗恶性肿瘤。十多年来，放射免疫疗法在治疗B细胞淋巴瘤方面已显示出巨大的潜力。在过去十年中，两种针对B细胞上CD20抗原的产品，即碘-131托西莫单抗和钇-90（90Y）替伊莫单抗，已经在美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的潜在许可批准注册试验中进行了广泛测试。这两种产品在低度和滤泡性淋巴瘤中的有效率为70%至80%，在已转化为中高度淋巴瘤的低度或滤泡性淋巴瘤中的有效率为50%至60%。单疗程治疗的中位缓解持续时间约为1年，四分之一至三分之一的患者实现完全缓解。2002年2月，钇-90替伊莫单抗被FDA正式批准用于治疗复发或难治性低度、滤泡性或转化型B细胞淋巴瘤，包括对利妥昔单抗耐药的转化型淋巴瘤，从而成为该机构批准的首个放射免疫治疗药物。该产品于2002年4月上市。临床试验将确定放射免疫疗法如何融入淋巴瘤的治疗。
